Tissue Repair Flashcards
Why must tissues be repaired?
Restoration of tissue architecture and function after an injury
What is the response of tissue to an injury?
Inflammation
Organisation
Fibrosis (Regeneration)
What are the three groups of tissues in the body?
Stable
Permanent
Labile (Continuously dividing)
What are the stages of inflammation in tissue repair?
Macrophages clean up the damaged tissue
Clot prevents blood loss
Damages area is isolated
What are the stages of organisation in tissue repair?
Fibroblasts secrete collagen
New capillaries formed
Macrophages remove clot
Granulation tissue develops
What are the stages of fibrosis in tissue repair?
Surface epithelium regenerates
Scab falls off
Collagen fibres mature
Scar becomes pale
What is healing by first intention?
Small wounds that close easily
Regeneration faster than fibrosis
Healing is fast with minimal scarring
EG. paper cut
What is the purpose of granulation tissue?
Replace lost tissue volume
Template for scar production
What is healing by second intention?
Large wounds that have gaps
Fibrosis faster than regeneration
Healing is slow with more scarring
EG. burns & ulcers
What are three examples of wounds that have gone bad?
Contracture
Keloid scars
Proud flesh
What is contracture?
Enlarged scars, shrink and contract excessively
Cause serious cosmetic and functional disability
What are keloid scars?
Develop late Excess collagen All skin types, darker more susceptible Seems inherited Upper half of the body
What is proud flesh?
Granulation tissue in excess
Edges and bases of wounds
New blood vessels and fibroblasts in proud flesh
What are the clinical features of non-healing wounds?
Necrotic and unhealthy tissue
Lack of blood supply
Recurrent breakdown of wound
Infection
What are the factors known to impair tissue repair?
Infection Poor blood supply Excessive movement Presence of foreign body Ionising radiation
