Thyroid Gland

Question 1

Blood supply for inferior thyroid?

Answer 1

Thyrocervical trunk

Question 2

Venous drainage for superior thyroid?

Answer 2

Internal Jugular Vein

Question 3

Venous drainage for middle thyroid?

Answer 3

Internal jugular vein

Question 4

Venous drainage for inferior thyroid?

Answer 4

Brachiocephalic

Question 5

In up to 12% of individuals, a small midline artery, called the Thyroidealma artery, arises from the aortic arch or brachiocephaloc trunk and reaches the thyroid isthmus inferiorly

Answer 5

Thyroidealma artery

Question 6

First endocrine gland to develop; 24 days after fertilization

Median endodermal thickening in the floor of the primordial pharynx - forms a small outpouching-thyroid diverticulum

As the embryo and tongue grow, the developing thyroid gland descends in the neck

The developing thyroid gland is connected to the tongue by a narrow tube, thyroglossal duct

Answer 6

Thyroid gland

Question 7

Normally thyroglossal duct atrophies & disappears, but a remnant may persists forming a cyst

Painless, progressively enlarging movable mass; asymptomatic unless becomes infected

Following infection - perforation of the skin forming a thyroglossalduct sinus that opens in the median plane of the neck

Answer 7

Thyroglossal duct cyst and sinus

Question 8

Abnormal communication between the trachea and esophagus

Associated with esophageal atresia

Results from improper division of the foregut by the tracheoesophageal septum

Answer 8

Tracheoesophageal Fistula

Question 9

Tube is inserted between the cricoid & thyroid cartilages

Vertical incision is made through the ff structures: skin, superficial fascia, investing layer of deep cervical fascia, pretracheal fascia, larynx

Answer 9

Cricothyroidotomy

Question 10

Complications of thyroidectomy

Answer 10

Thyroid storm (hyperpyrexia & tachyarrhythmia)

Hypoparathyroidism

Damage to recurrent or superior laryngeal nerve

Question 11

Anywhere along the path of embryonic descent from the base of the tongue (foramen cecum) to the superior mediastinum

Answer 11

Aberrant thyroid tissue

Question 12

Midline of the neck

Cystic remnant of the thyroid descent

Answer 12

Thyroglossal duct cyst

Question 13

Superior suspensory ligament of the thyroid gland

Located adjacent to the cricoids cartilage

Answer 13

Ligament of Berry

Question 14

The ff though the tracheoesophageal groove

Answer 14

R recurrent laryngeal nerve (around subclavian artery)

L recurrent laryngeal nerve (recurs around the arch of aorta at the Ligamentum arteriosum)

Question 15

Venous drainage

Answer 15

Superior thyroid veins

Middle thyroid veins

Inferior thyroid veins

⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️

Internal jugular vein

Question 16

Arterial supply

Answer 16

Superior thyroid artery (from external carotid artery)

Inferior thyroid artery (from subclavian & thyrocervical trunk)

Thyroid ima artery (from aortic arch)

Question 17

Blood supply for superior thyroid?

Answer 17

External carotid