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Jaspie - Anatomy (TOPNOTCH SUPPLEMENT) > Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

Female Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

Attachment to the lateral pelvic wall

Contains the ovarian artery, vein & nerve

A

Suspensory ligament of ovary

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2
Q

Surface is covered by simple cuboidal epithelium (germinal epithelium), devoid of peritoneal covering

A

Ovaries

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3
Q

Blood supply of ovaries

A

Abdominal aorta via ovarian arteries

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4
Q

Venous drainage of ovaries

A

L ovarian vein ➡️ L renal vein

R ovarian vein ➡️ IVC
- R-sided hydronephrosis in females may indicate thrombosis of R ovarian vein that is constricting the ureter (because R ovarian vein crosses the ureter to enter the IVC)

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5
Q

Referred down the inner thigh through the obturator nerve

A

Ovarian pain

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6
Q

MC type: epithelial tumor

Lymphatic drainage: deep para-aortic lymph nodes near the renal artery

Associated with HNPCC, Lynch syndrome II, p53 tumor suppressor gene mutation

Tumor markers: CEA, CA-125

A

Ovarian cancer

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7
Q

4 divisions of Uterine (Fallopian) tubes

A

Infundibulum

Ampulla

Isthmus

Intramural

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8
Q

Supported by mesosalphinx (a region of the broad ligament)

A

Fallopian tubes

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9
Q

Opens onto the peritoneal cavity

A

Infundibulum

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10
Q

Site of fertilization

A

Ampulla

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11
Q

Opens into uterine cavity

A

Intramural

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12
Q

Most common cause of infertility

Bacterial infection (gonococcal) with inflammation ➡️ scarring

Predisposes to ectopic tubal pregnancy

A

Salpingitis

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13
Q

MC site: ampulla

Risk factors: PID, pelvic surgery, in-utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol

SSX: sudden onset abdominal pain, delayed menses, +B-hCG test, intraperitoneal blood on culdocentesis

A

Ectopic tubal pregnancy

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14
Q

Types of ovarian cysts

A

Follicular cyst

Corpus luteum cyst

Theca luteum cyst

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15
Q

Functional cyst - physiologically & hormonal lay active, resolves spontaneously

SSX: sudden, extreme pelvic pain, especially in adolescent girl

A

Ovarian cyst

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16
Q

4 regions of uterus

A

Fundus

Cornu

Body

Cervix

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17
Q

Superior to Cornu

Contributes greatly to upper segment of uterus during pregnancy

As high as xiphoid process (T9) during pregnancy

A

Fundus

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18
Q

Hear the entry of uterine tubes

A

Cornu

19
Q

Between Cornu & cervix

A

Body

20
Q

Part of the body that divides the body from the cervix, preferred site for surgical incision during cesarean delivery

A

Isthmus

21
Q

Contains the internal os, cervical canal and external os

A

Cervix

22
Q

Round in nulliparous woman, transverse in parous women

A

External os

23
Q

Formed by pubococcygeus & ileococcygeus muscles

A

Pelvic diaphragm (levator ani muscles)

24
Q

Remnant of gubernaculum in the embryo

A

Round ligament of the uterus

25
Q

Extends laterally from cervix to pelvic side walls

Located at the base of broad ligament

Contains the uterine artery (from internal iliac artery)

A

Transverse cervical ligament (Cardinal ligament of MACKENRODT)

26
Q

Extends posteriorly from cervix to the sacrum

Places the uterus in anteverted position

A

Uterosacral ligament

27
Q

Extends anteriorly from cervix to the pubic symphysis

Helps to prevent cystocele

A

Pubocervical ligament

28
Q

Double fold of parietal peritoneum

Extends laterally from uterus to pelvic side walls

4 regions:

  • mesosalphinx
  • mesovarium
  • mesometrium
  • suspensory ligament of the ovary

Contains the ff structures:

  • uterine artery, vein & artery
  • uterine tubes
  • ovarian ligament of the uterus (remnant of gubernaculum)
  • epoophoron (remnant of mesonephric tubules)
  • paraophoron (remnant of mesonephric tubules)
  • Gartner duct ( remnant of mesonephric duct)
  • ureter (at the base of broad ligament, posterior & inferior to uterine artery)
  • uterine artery, vein & nerves (at the base of broad ligament within the transverse cervical ligament)
A

Broad ligament

29
Q

Anterior bend of the uterus at the angle between cervix & body of the uterus

A

Anteflexed

30
Q

Anterior bend of the uterus at the angle between the cervix & vagina

A

Anteverted

31
Q

May spread to the pelvic side walls, obstructing the ureters –> hydronephrosis

Obturator lymph nodes

A

Cervical carcinoma

32
Q

Smooth muscle proliferation which may become calcified

Location:

  • submucosa (beneath the endometrium)
  • intramural (within myometrium)
  • subserosal (beneath the serosa)

Palpated as irregular, nodular masses that protrude against the anterior abdominal wall

May cause infertility if they block the uterine tube or prevent implantation of conceptus

A

Uterine fibrinoid (leiomyoma)

33
Q

Extends from cervix to the vestibule

Degree of distention during childbirth is limited by the ischial spines & sacrospinous ligaments

Forms a recess around the cervix called fornix

A

Vagina

34
Q

Related to vesicouterine pouch

Urinary bladder is palpable through it on DRE

A

Anterior fornix

35
Q

Lateral to the cervix

A

Lateral fornix

36
Q

Related to recto uterine sac of Douglas

Rectum, sacral promontory (S1) & coccyx are palpable through it on DRE

Site for culdocentesis

A

Posterior fornix

37
Q

Needle passed through the posterior fornix into the recto uterine pouch of Douglas

Fluid collection for analysis or to collect oocytes for in vitro fertilization

A

Culdocentesis

38
Q

Urinary bladder herniates into the anterior vaginal wall

A

Cystocele

39
Q

Urinary bladder herniated into the posterior vaginal wall

A

Rectocele

40
Q

Hairy skin with underlying fat pads

A

Labia majora

41
Q

Hairless, located medial to labia majora

Enclose the vestibule

Continuous anteriorly with the prepuce & frenulum of clitoris; posteriorly with the fourchette

A

Labia minora

42
Q

Space between labia minora

Contains the urethral orifice, paraurethral glans of Skene, vaginal introitus, greater vestibular glands of Bartholin, lesser vestibular glands

A

Vestibule

43
Q

Homologous with the penis

Has no corpus Spongiosum

Body of the clitoris - formed by 2 corpora cavernosa

Glans of the clitoris - formed by fusion of the vestibular bulbs

A

Clitoris

44
Q

Almond-shaped

Posterior to the broad ligament

A

Ovaries

Jaspie - Anatomy (TOPNOTCH SUPPLEMENT) (71 decks)

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