Thyroid disease

Question 1

thyrotoxicosis

Answer 1

excess circulating thyroid hormone e.g from weight loss tablets

Question 2

are thyroid issues usually due to primary or secondary failures

Answer 2

primary

Question 3

myxoedema

Answer 3

alternative name for hypothyroidism

Question 4

signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism

Answer 4

associated with increased metabolic rate
warm moist skin (excessive sweating)
weightloss
tachycardia and increased BP therefore increased HF risk
tremor and hyperflexia
lid lag

Question 5

signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism

Answer 5

associated with reduced metabolism 
dry coarse skin
brachycardia
weight gain 
delayed reflexes 
goitre 
cold intolerance

Question 6

graves disease

Answer 6

responsible for majority of hyperthyroid cases
organ specific autoimmune disease
body produces auto antibodies that stimulate thyroid gland is excessively stimulated

Question 7

Hashimotos disease

Answer 7

commonest cause of hypothryoidism
organ specific autoimmune disease
auto antibodies produced which attack and gradually destroy thyroid gland

Question 8

radioisotope scan

Answer 8

can identify areas of a gland working/ not working

Question 9

fine needle aspirate vs fine needle biopsy

Answer 9

aspirate - sucks a few cells

biopsy - removes a small portion of tissue

Question 10

in blood tests what levels of hormones will hyperthyroidism show

Answer 10

raised T3
if primary cause - low TSH
if secondary - raised TSH

Question 11

in blood tests what levels of hormones will hypothyroidism show

Answer 11

low T4
if primary cause - raised TSH
if secondary cause - low TSH

Question 12

goitre

Answer 12

diffuse enlargement of thyroid gland

Question 13

dental aspects of thyroid diseases

Answer 13

goitre may be detected in extra oral examinations

ptx on treatment to control diseases can be treated as normal