Disorders of the Blood

Question 1

Name 3 functions of the blood

Answer 1

nutrient transport
removal of waste
transport of immune system components

Question 2

Name 3 plasma proteins

Answer 2

albumins, fibrinogen, globulin

Question 3

what 3 things is blood composed of

Answer 3

rbcs - o2 transport
wbcs and platelets - defense and repair
plasma - nutrient and medicine transport

Question 4

FBC

Answer 4

full blood count - encompasses RBC, WCC, PLT, HCT, MCV

Question 5

RBC

Answer 5

sometimes RCC, red blood cell count

Question 6

WCC

Answer 6

white cell count

Question 7

PLT

Answer 7

platelet count

Question 8

HCT

Answer 8

haematocrit - ratio of rbc: liquid (percentage volume of rbcs)

Question 9

MCV

Answer 9

mean cell volume - average volume of rbcs

Question 10

what is anaemia characterised by

Answer 10

low haemoglobin

Question 11

what is leukopenia characterised by

Answer 11

low WCC

Question 12

what is thrombocytopenia characterised by

Answer 12

low platelets

Question 13

what is pancytopenia characterised by

Answer 13

all cells are reduced in number

Question 14

polycythaemia

Answer 14

raised haemoglobin

Question 15

leukocytosis

Answer 15

raised WCC

Question 16

thrombocytothaemia

Answer 16

raised platelets

Question 17

what does a change in multiple cell counts suggest

Answer 17

issue is with the manufacture of cells e.g bone marrow failure

Question 18

what does a change in only one cell count suggest

Answer 18

reactive change to environment e.g low iron

Question 19

pre-neoplastic

Answer 19

preceeding growth of a tumour (neoplasm)

Question 20

leukemia vs lymphoma

Answer 20

leukemia - cancer of white cells that is disseminated (spread throughout the body) - often in bone marrow and blood
lymphoma - cancer of white cells that is a solid tumour - often in lymph nodes

Question 21

the earlier in a ______ a cell turns neoplastic the more potentially ________ the malignancy

Answer 21

cell line

aggressive

Question 22

porphyria

Answer 22

rare condition expressing abnormality of haem metabolism

Question 23

what rare condition can be triggered by local anaesthetics used in dentistry

Answer 23

acute intermittent porphyrias

Question 24

microcytic anaemia

Answer 24

small rbcs

common causes = iron deficiency , thalassemia (inherited)

Question 25

macrocytic anaemia

Answer 25

large rbcs

common causes = vit B12 deficiency , folate deficiency

Question 26

-penia suffix

Answer 26

lack of e.g thrombocytopenia = low platelets

Question 27

APPT

Answer 27

clotting test