Thrombosis and Clot Formation Flashcards
describe the anatomy of a blood vessel
epithelial cells lining the lumen
these cells sit on a basal lamina
surrounded by smooth muscle and finally interstitial tissue
what is plasma made off
water, proteins and other molecules (anything other than blood cells)
where are the clotting factors made
liver (mainly) and endothelial cells
what is serum
plasma without the clotting factors
what are clotting factors a part of? what to they produce
clotting factors are a AMPLIFICATION system - leading to thrombin production
describe the clotting cascade
damage to tissue leads to tissue/clotting factors, these lead to prothrombin becoming thrombin
thrombin then turns fibrinogen into fibrin
what is initial damage
EXPOSURE OF INTERSTITAL COLLAGENS
EXPOSURE OF TISSUE FACTOR
where are tissue factors found
present on the smooth muscle cells around the vessel
what doses thrombin do
convert small, soluble fibrinogen
into large insoluble fibrin
where are platelets produced
in the bone marrow
megakaryocytes
what are megakaryocytes
how do they form
literal - large cell with many nuclei
under go nuclear division but not cellular division
PLATLETS BUD OFF FROM CYTOPLASM
how are platlets ativated
come in contact with interstisial collagen
and inflowing blood
what are the two types of coagulation
thrombus formation and clot formation
what is coagulation
the clotting off blood think black pudding
a mesh of fibrin and blood where the flow is stagnant
red in colour
associated with heamatoma
how is a thrombus formed
its a mesh of actuvated platlets and fibrin
platlets are activated by contact with interstisal collagen and factor VII - flowing blood helps
white/ pale in colour
stops bleedin from vessels
