THORAX Flashcards

1
Q

DDX de l’emphysème panlobaire

A
  • Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency: classical cause and may show a lower zone predominance
  • Ritalin lung
  • Swyer-James syndrome: affects one lung
  • Obliterative bronchiolitis
  • can also manifest as a normal senescent finding in non-smokers
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2
Q

Nommes quelques Syndrome ∆∆-Rénal

A
  • Certain pulmonary vasculitides
    • certain ANCA associated vasculitides
      • granulomatosis with polyangiitis
      • microscopic polyangiitis
  • Goodpasture syndrome
  • As part of systemic autoimmune conditions
    • systemic lupus erythematosus
    • cryoglobulinemia
    • systemic sclerosis
  • Antiphospholipid syndrome
  • Environmental factors
  • Drugs
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3
Q

Idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis

A

rare, benign entity. About half of the cases are thought to be idiopathic, with the other half secondary to underlying diseases or conditions (e.g. transplantation). Idiopathic cases belong to the group of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias.

2 Pic : ~30A et 60A

fibrotic and elastotic thickening of the pleura and subpleural lung parenchyma, mainly in the upper lobes

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4
Q

DDX hyperplasie Thymique

A
  • Myasthenia gravis
  • Rebound thymic hyperplasia following chemotherapy or steroids
  • Hyperthyroidism (Graves’ disease)
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Scleroderma
  • Red cell aplasia
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5
Q

Quelques pathologies associé avec la bronchiolite Oblitérante ?

A
  • Bone marrow transplantation
  • Viral infections
  • Toxic fume inhalation
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Lung transplantation
  • Inflammatory bowel disease
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6
Q

Infection associé avec la protéinose alvéolaire pulmonaire

A

Nocardia

Aspergillus and Mucormycetest

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7
Q

Name at least four neoplastic causes of an endobronchial lesion.

A

Lung cancer
Carcinoid tumor
Hamartoma
Mucoepidermoid tumor
Lymphoma
Lipoma
Metastases

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8
Q

Name at least two nonneoplastic causes of a diffuse, fine nodular pattern with calcification

A
  • Silicose
  • Varicelle healed
  • Histioplasmose healed

néo = met = Thyroid, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, and adeno- carcinomas (e.g., breast, pancreas).

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9
Q

Name at least two neoplasms that may result in a fine nodular pattern of metastases.

A
  • Thyroid
  • Melanoma
  • Renal cell carcinoma
  • Adenocarcinomas (e.g., breast, pancreas).
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10
Q

Met pulmonaire qui peuvent calcifié

A
  • Thyroid
  • Sein
  • Ovaire
  • Colon
  • Sarcomas (ostéosarcome, chondro)
  • Successfully treated metastases
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11
Q
  1. Name at least one cause of enhancing mediastinal lymph nodes.
  2. What neoplasms are typically associated with markedly enhancing mediastinal lymph nodes?
A
  1. Castleman’s disease (angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia) and hypervascular metastases.
  2. Renal cell carcinoma, thyroid cancer, melanoma, and carcinoid neoplasms.
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12
Q

Association déficience en Aphla-1-Atnitrypsine

A

Anévrisme cérébral

Autre moins high yield :
MPOC
Panniculite
Vasculite
Cirrhose
Pancreatite

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13
Q

Name the seven idiopathic interstitial pneumonias recognized by the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS)

A
  • Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)
  • Nonspecific inter- stitial pneumonia (NSIP)
  • Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP)
  • Acute interstitial pneumonia (AIP)
  • Respiratory bronchiolitis–interstitial lung (RB-ILD)
  • Desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP)
  • Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP)
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14
Q

Quelle maladie pulmonaire interstitielle peut se présenter avec un pattern d’UIP (Pneumonie Interstitielle Usuel)

A
  • Fibrose pulmonaire idiopathique (60-70%)
  • Mx vasculaire du Collagène (Slérodermie , Arthrite Rhumatoïde, Lupus)
  • Asbestose
  • Fibrose Médicamenteuse (ex. bleomycin toxicity)
  • End-Stage pneumopathie d’hypersenssibilité ou Sarcoïdose
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15
Q

Patient has severe pulmonary artery hypertension, pulmonary edema, and a normal pulmonary venous wedge pressure. What is the most likely diagnosis for this triad of findings?

A

Maladie veino occlusive pulmonaire

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16
Q

Multiple masses tracheal, ddx ?

A
  • Laryngotracheal papillomatosis
  • Tracheobronchial amyloidosis
  • Multifocal neoplasm
17
Q

Différentier l’amyloïdose trachéal de papillome (papillomatose) à l’IRM ?

A

Amyloïdose va être HYPO T1 & T2

18
Q

Tu as du mosaïcisme pulmonaire, comment différentier si c’est les zones de verres dépoli ou les zone hypodense qui sont anormal ?

A

Tu compares les vaisseaux (tailles & nombres) dans les deux zones.
- Si diminution des vaisseaux dans la zone hypodense alors c’est cette zone qui est anormal.
Tu penses donc plus à une maladie des petites voies aériennes [Bronchiolit Oblitérante] ou une cause vasculaire [ex. Embolie ∆∆ chronique]. Pour différentier les deux, tu fais un scan avec phase expiratoire, seul les maladie des petites voies vont avoir du “air-trapping”.

  • Si les vaisseaux sont de calibres et nombre normal dans la zone hypo, alors c’est les zones en verre dépoli qui sont anormales. (tu penses donc a causes infectieuse ex . PCP)
19
Q

Association avec la LIP ?

A
  • Sjogren
  • Lupus systemique (SLE)
  • PAR
  • VIH (LIP + ENFANT = VIH !)
  • … (castleman, Mx thryoidienne autoimmune)
20
Q

Nommer les differents Situs

A

Situs solitus = nomal
Situs invertus totalus= tout inversé
Situs ambiguous = hétérotaxie –> soit isomérisme droit ou gauche

21
Q

4 Composante possible du Scimitar Syndrome

A
  • Right lung hypoplasia
  • Hypoplastic right pulmonary artery
  • Systemic arterial supply (from the abdominal aorta) of right lower lobe
  • Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection from the right lung