GU Flashcards

1
Q

Cortical rim sign DDX

A
  • Renal artery obstruction from embolism, thrombosis or dissection
  • Renal vein thrombosis
  • Acute tubular necrosis
  • Acute cortical necrosis
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2
Q

Association Maladie Polykystique Rénal Autosomal Dominante ?

A
  • Cerebral berry aneurysms
    found in 6% of patients with ADPKD without a family history of aneurysms
    found in up to 22% of patients with ADPKD with a family history
  • Cysts in other organs
  • Bicuspid aortic valve
  • Intracranial dolichoectasia: 2-3%
  • Hypertension: up to 80% of adults
  • Colonic diverticulosis
  • Small bowel diverticula (perhaps)
  • Mitral valve prolapse: up to 25%
  • Aortic dissection
  • Multiple biliary hamartomas (von Meyenberg complexes)
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3
Q

DDX Nécrose Papillaire

A

POSTCARDS

P: pyelonephritis
O: obstruction
S: sickle cell disease
T: tuberculosis

C: cirrhosis
A: analgesic overuse (Analgesic nephropathy)
R: renal vein thrombosis
D: diabetes mellitus (+ commun)
S: systemic vasculitides

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4
Q

DDX Néphrocalcinose Médullaire

A
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5
Q

DDX Néphrocalcinose Cortical

A
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6
Q

DDX Aspect strié du néphrograme

A
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7
Q

Masse Rénal Calcifié la plus fréquente

A

RCC

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8
Q

Facteurs de Risque TCC ?

A
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9
Q

Sx jonction pyélo-urétérale, Association ?

A
  • Renal duplication
  • Multicystic dysplastic kidneys
  • Horseshoe kidney or cross-fused ectopia

in ~40% of cases, an aberrant, accessory, or early-branching lower pole segment vessel is found and observed to compress the ureter, causing mechanical obstruction

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10
Q

Décrire l’anatomie de la prostate

A

Zone Fibromusculaire Antérieur
Zone Transitionnel (T2)
Zone Central
Zone Périphérique (DWI)

Zone Transitionnel & Zone Central forme la Glande Central

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11
Q

Quelle tumeur testiculaire est associciée a des marqueurs tumoraux et quelles sont-ils ?

A

AFP - Alpha-fetoprotein
- Yolk sac carcinoma
- Embryonal cell carcinoma
- Mixed tumors (teratocarcinoma)

(B)-HCG - Human chorionic gonadotropin
- Choriocarcinoma
- Pure seminoma
- Embryonal cell carcinoma

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12
Q

DDX masse rénal avec graisse :

A
  • Renal angiomyolipoma
  • Renal cell carcinoma (often has calcifications when contains macroscopic fat)
  • Wilms tumor (most common pediatric renal mass)
  • Renal oncocytoma
  • Renal or perirenal lipoma/liposarcoma

Masse de l’espace peri-rénal qui pourrait mimic une lésion rénal :
- Myelolipome Surrénalien
- Liposarcome du retropéritoien

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13
Q

Nommes quelques causes de thrombose de la veine rénal

A

Causes :
- Déshydratation (surtout en ped)
- Syndrome Néphrotique
- Néo
- état hypercoagulabilité

Pédiatrie : in children, renal vein thrombosis is the most common vascular condition in the neonatal kidney

  • Dehydration and sepsis (commun)
  • Sickle cell disease
  • Polycythemia
  • Maternal diabetes
  • Indwelling umbilical venous catheters

Adulte :
- Syndrome Néphrotique
- Néoplasie (RCC, Lymphome, carcinome surrénalien)
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Amyloïdose
- Glomerulonephritis
- Collagen vascular disease
- Diabéte
- Renal sepsis (thrombophlebitis)
- Urinary obstruction (rare)
- Trauma is another potential cause of renal vein thrombosis

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14
Q

Nommes quelques complication d’une thrombose de la veine rénal

A

Complications :
- Embolie pulmonaires
- Nécrose papillaire
- Atrophie Rénal

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15
Q

DDX Pear-Shape bladder

A

Pense a ce qui peux compresser la vessie bilatéralement

Lipomatose Pelvienne
Fluide Pelvien (hématome, lymphocele, urinome, abcès)
Dilatation Vasculaire (anévrsime illiaque bilatéral, occlusion de la VCI)
ADP bilat (Lymphome, Leucémie)
Hypertrophie des Psoas

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16
Q

Tu vois un adénome surrénalien, c’est quoi les questions que tu dois te poser ?

A

Is there biochemical evidence of adrenal hyperfunction? pour différentier un adénome sécrétant de non-sécrétant.
- Cushing’s syndrome
- Pheochromocytomas
- Aldosteronoma
- Virilizing tumor

Is there a clinical history of primary tumor metastasizing to the adrenal gland?

17
Q

DDX Lésions surrénaliennes pouvant avoir un aspect majoritairement kystique ? (3)

A
  • Adenoma
  • Met Nécrotique
  • Pheochromocytome très rare

(Case Review GU cas 150)