Thorax Flashcards
What are the thorax body regions?
-Interscapular region Back -Costal region -Presternal regions - Sternal regions
What nerves make up the intercostobrachial plexus?
Intercostal nerves and lateral thoracic nerve
What are the branches of the spinal nerve?
- Dorsal branch
- Lateral branch
- Dorsal cutaneous branch
- Medial branch - Ventral branch
- Branch to intercostal
- Lateral cutaneous br
- Ventral cutaneous br
What are the Spur vein and nerve?
Lateral thoracic nerve and either external thoracic vein of superficial thoracic vein.
Where is the outline of the heart?
2-5th ICS
Left side makes contact with the body wall
Where is the basal border of the lung?
Bottom of 6th rib-Middle of 11th rib- top of 16th rib
Where is the ventral border of the lung?
Cardiac notch
What is the dorsal border of the lung?
From the os coxae and the scapula along the iliocostalis muscle
What is the diaphragmatic line of pleural reflection and where is it?
Where the costal pleura reflects on the diaphragmatic pleura.
6thc- 9th cc- 17th ics
Where is the auscultation triangle?
Cranial border: Caudal border of triceps
Dorsal border: Caudal angle of scapula to tuber coxae
Caudoventral border: 6-11-16
What is the costomediastinal recess?
Potential space between mediastinal pleura and costal pleura at the ventral border of the lung
What is the costodiaphragmatic recess?
Potential space between diaphragmatic pleura and costal pleura on the basal border of the lungs
What are the cupulae of pleura?
This are the cranial extents of the pleural cavity at the thoracic inlet.
Which side has a cupulae of pleura that extends past the 1st rib?
The right side dorsal cupulae. Ventral does not extend cranial to the 1st rib
How far does the cupula of the diaphragm extend?
6th rib
Describe the trachea in the dog.
42-26 cartilage rings open on the dorsal surface. Trachealis muscles are also on the dorsal aspect
Describe the trachea in a horse.
48-60 cartilage rings that open dorsally. Trachealis muscle is ventral to the cartilage but still on the dorsal aspect of trachea
What are the lobes of the lung in a dog?
Right- Cranial, Middle, Caudal, and Accessory
Left: Cranial and caudal part of the cranial lobe, and caudal lobe
What are the lobes of the lung in the horse?
Right: Cranial lobe, Caudal lobe, Accessory lobe
Left: Cranial lobe
Caudal lobe
Which cranial lobe has a larger cardiac notch?
Left cranial
Where are the lymph nodes of the lungs?
At the bifurcation of the trachea
How is the position of the heart in the horse different from the dog.
The dog’s heart forms an angle of about 40 degrees with the sternum. The horse’s heart is more vertical to the sternum and the left side contacts the body wall
What is the sternopericardial ligament?
Thickening of the endothoracic fascia continuous with the fibrous pericardium. It anchors the heart to the sternum.
What is the phrenicopericarcial ligament?
In carnivores it is the oblique ligament that attaches the heart to the diaphragm
How do the vessels leaving the heart differ in the horse from the dog?
Both subclavians branch from the brachiocephalic artery
