Abdomen

Question 1

What is the vertebral formula in the horse?

Answer 1

C7 T18 L6 S5 Ca 15-20

Question 2

What are the boundaries of the flank?

Answer 2

Dorsal- Longissimus muscles
Cranial- last rib and costal arch
Caudal- Tensor fascia lata muscle
Ventral- Fold of the flank

Question 3

Where is the paralumbar fossa?

Answer 3

Dorsal part of the flank.
Dorsal- longissimus muscle
Cranial- last rib
Caudal- coxal tuber
Ventral- Dorsal border of IAO

Question 4

What is a laparotomy?

Answer 4

Incision through the flank

Question 5

What is a celiotomy?

Answer 5

Incision through the belly

Question 6

What forms the inguinal ligament?

Answer 6

Caudal edge of the external abdominal obliques

Question 7

Describe the external oblique?

Answer 7

Interdigitated between ribs with fibers pointing caudoventral. Larger aponeurosis in the caudoventral part

Question 8

What is the abdominal tunic?

Answer 8

Covers the aponeurosis of the EAO and is a deep fascia to help support the organs

Question 9

What is a heave line?

Answer 9

Line at the musculotendinous junction of EAO here the EAo has hypertrophied. Characteristic of COPD

Question 10

Where does the IAO originate?

Answer 10

Coxal tuber

Question 11

Describe the IAO.

Answer 11

Originates from the coxal tuber and fibers going cranioventral and large aponeurosis in the cranioventral portion. This forms the external rectus sheath

Question 12

What forms the internal rectus sheath?

Answer 12

Transverse abdominis

Question 13

Where does the rectus abdominis insert?

Answer 13

Prepubic tendon and accessory ligaments

Question 14

What forms the linea alba?

Answer 14

Rectus abdominis

Question 15

What forms the prepubic tendon?

Answer 15

Linea alba and rectus abdominis tendons

Question 16

What is the accessory ligament of the hip?

Answer 16

Another insertion of the rectus abdominis. Lies laterally from the prepubic tendon. Prevents the side-kick