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Gross Anatomy II > Abdomen 2 > Flashcards

Abdomen 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is visible on the left side of the horse?

A
  1. Stomach
  2. Liver
  3. Spleen
  4. Descending colon
  5. Jejunum
  6. Left dorsal colon
  7. Left ventral colon
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2
Q

What can you view on the right side of the horse?

A
  1. Liver
  2. Right kidney
  3. Descending duodenum
  4. Body of cecum
  5. Right ventral colon
  6. Right dorsal colon
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3
Q

What can you see on the ventral surface of the horse?

A
  1. Body of cecum
  2. Apex of cecum
  3. Right ventral colon
  4. Ventral diaphragmatic flexure
  5. Left ventral colon
  6. Dorsal diaphragmatic flexure
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4
Q

What is the mesentery?

A

Connect the dorsal body wall to the intestine

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5
Q

What is the omentum?

A

Connects other organs to the stomach

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6
Q

What is the greater omentum?

A

Attaches organs to the greater curvature of the stomach

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7
Q

What is the lesser omentum?

A

Attaches organs to the lesser curvature of the stomach

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8
Q

What are the different ligaments of the abdomen?

A
  • Hepatogastric
  • Hepatoduodenal
  • Gastrosplenic
  • Phrenicosplenic
  • Gastrophrenic
  • Renosplenic
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9
Q

What are the boundaries of the liver on the right side of the horse?

A

From the diaphragm to the right kidney

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10
Q

What are the boundaries of the liver on the left side of the horse?

A

Caudal to diaphragm under ribs 7-10

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11
Q

What are the lobes of the liver?

A
  • Left lateral lobe
  • Left medial lobe
  • Quadrate
  • Right lobe
  • Caudate lobe
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12
Q

What are the ligaments of the liver?

A
  • Hepatogastric
  • Hepatoduodenal
  • Hepatorenal
  • Rt Triangular
  • Lt Triangular
  • Falciform
  • Coronary
  • Round
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13
Q

Where is the stomach located?

A

In the left half under the ribs. Fundus under the 15th rib. Lowest part around 9th or 10th rib. and cardia at about level of the 11th rib

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14
Q

Which kidney is farther cranially?

A

Right

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15
Q

WHat is the shape of the kidneys?

A

Heart shaped

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16
Q

Where is the right kidney?

A

Ventral to dorsal aspect of last 2 or 3 ribs

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17
Q

Where is the left kidney?

A

Ventral to dorsal aspect of last rib, medial to spleen and is palpable and bean shaped

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18
Q

What are the parts of the duodenum?

A
  1. Cranial part-sigmoid flexure
  2. Descending part-Descends on right ventral to liver. Caudal flexure here
  3. Ascending part- Transition into jejunum at duodenojejunal flexure
19
Q

What are the borders of the epiploic foramen and what is it?

A

Opening from the peritoneal cavity to the omental bursa.
Dorsal: Caudate lobe of liver and caudal vena cava
Ventral: Hepatoduodenal ligament, pancreas and portal vein

20
Q

Where is the pancreas?

A

In the mesoduodenum. Pressed against abdominal roof and fitted into the concavity of the cranial duodenal flexure

21
Q

Which intestine is highly mobile but usually primarily in the left dorsal abdomen?

A

Jejunum

22
Q

Where do you find peyer’s patches?

A

Jejunum and ileum

23
Q

What are the parts of the cecum?

A
  1. Base-Paralumbar fossa
  2. Body- runs ventrally then cranially
  3. Apex- close to xiphoid
24
Q

The ascending and transverse colon are the…

A

Large colon

25
Q

The descending colon is the…

A

Small colon

26
Q

Ileal orifice and cecocolic orifice are at the level of what rib?

A

17th ICS

27
Q

What are bands?

A

Teniae coli, longitudinal muscle fibers that can shorten to form sacculations

28
Q

Which intestines have four bands?

A

4 on the floor. Cecum, RVC, and LVC

29
Q

How many bands does the RDC have?

A

3 bands

30
Q

How man bands does the LDC have?

A

1 band caudally and 3 near the diaphragmatic flexure

31
Q

How many bands does the pelvic flexure have?

A

1 band

32
Q

How many bands does the TC have?

A

2 bands

33
Q

How many bands does the small colon have?

A

2 Bands

34
Q

What is the cecocolic fold?

A

Fold of mesentery from the cecum to the colon. Can be used to hold intestines during surgery

35
Q

What is the ileocecal fold?

A

Between the ileum and cecum. Can use this to tell the length of the ileum

36
Q

How can you tell the difference between small intestine and small colon?

A

Colon has bands and saccules

37
Q

What are the gastric zones?

A
  1. Non glandular region
  2. Glandular region
    - cardiac glands
    - Fundic glands
    - Pyloric glands
38
Q

What is the line between glandular and non glandular stomach called?

A

Margo plicatus

39
Q

What are the regions of the stomach?

A
  1. Fundus
  2. Body
  3. Pyloric
40
Q

Why don’t horses vomit?

A

Esophagus enters cardia at an acute angle and the cardiac sphincter is very strong

41
Q

What does the celiac artery supply?

A

Cranial abdominal organs, liver, stomach, spleen, pancreas, cranial duodenum

42
Q

What does the cranial mesenteric artery supply?

A

Caudal porton of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, pancreas, cecum, ascending and transverse colon and part of descending duodenum

43
Q

What does the caudal mesenteric artery supply?

A

Descending colon and cranial rectum

44
Q

What are some of the causes of colic?

A

Obstruction, spasm, distension, and strangulation

Gross Anatomy II (25 decks)

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