Muscles and Tendons of the Forelimb Flashcards
What are the muscles that cause scapular retraction?
- Trapezius
- Rhomboideus
- Serratus ventralis
What are the Protractors of the limb?
Brachiocephalicus
What is the retractor of the forelimb?
Latissimus dorsi
What are adductors of the forelimb?
- Pectorals
- Subclavius
Supraspinatus muscle
O: supraspinous fossa
I: Gr tubercle of humerus
A: shoulder stabilization and extension
N: Suprascapular
Infraspinatus muscle
O: Infraspinous fossa
I: Caudal Gr tubercle ad deltoid tuberosity
A: Stabilize shoulder and abduction
N: Suprascapular
Deltoideus muscle
O: Caudal scapula and spine of scapula
I: Deltoid tuberosity
A: Shoulder flexion
N: Axillary
Where is the teres minor muscle?
Caudolateral aspect of shoulder joint deep to deltoid
Subscapularis muscle
O: Subscapular fossa
I: lesser tubercle
A: Adduction
N: Subscapular
Teres Major muscle
O: caudal angle of scapula
I: Teres tuberosity
A: Shoulder flexion
N: Axillary
Coracobrachialis
O: Coracoid process
I: Proximal humeral diaphysis
A: Limb adduction
N: musculocutaneous
Which elbow ligament is more easily palpable?
Lateral collateral
Biceps Brachii?
O: Supraglenoid tubercle
I: Radial tuberosity
A: fixation of shoulder, flexion of elbow
N: Musculocutaneous
What is the bicipital bursa?
Bursa that covers the biceps tendon as it goes through the intertubercular groove
What is the lacertus fibrosus?
Cranial/distal branch of the internal tendon of the biceps. Continuation of the fascia and epimysium and ECR. Used as the locking mechanism
Why is the lacertus fibrosus important?
Used as a landmark for blocking the medial cutaneous antebrachial nerve
Brachialis muscle
O: caudal proximal humerus
I: Cranioproximal radius
A: flexion of elbow
N: Musculocutaneous
Triceps Brachii?
O: -Long: Caudal border of scapula -Lateral and Meidal: Caudal Humeral diaphysis I: Olecranon tuberosity A: Elbow extension N: Radial
Where do extensors of the Forearm originate?
Cranio-lateral aspect of distal humerus/radius
What innervates extensor muscles of the forearm?
Radial nerve
What carpal tendon sheaths are most commonly injured by laceration?
- Extensor carpi radialis
- Common digital extensor
What is the carpal sheath?
Synovial structure around the SDFT and DDFT as the pass through the carpal canal
Where do flexor muscles of the forearm originate?
Caudomedial aspect of humeral epicondyle and caudal to radius
Where do flexors of the forearm turn to tendon?
Proximal to the carpus in the distal radius
What innervates the flexor muscles of the forearm?
Median and ulnar nerves
What are the accessory ligaments?
Proximal check ligament from SDF from the caudal radius . Part of passive stay apparatus
Where is the distal check ligament?
Caudal aspect of carpus from the DDF
Describe the tendon of the Biceps?
Two tendons of insertion and a groove where the intermediate tubercle sits
What nerve provides sensation to the dorsomedial skin of the metacarpus?
Medial cutaneous antebrachial nerve (crosses lacertus fibrosus)
Where are some bursas in the forearm?
- Infraspinatus
- Bicipital bursa
- Bursa of triceps over olecranon
How many heads does the DDF have?
3
