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Creighton Anatomy > Thoracic Cavity, Pleural Cavity, & Lungs > Flashcards

Thoracic Cavity, Pleural Cavity, & Lungs Flashcards

1
Q

Ribs 1-7, bone to cartilage to sternum

A

Vertebrocostal (true) ribs

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2
Q

Ribs 8-10, bone to cartilage to cartilage to sternum

A

Vertebrochondral (false) ribs

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3
Q

Ribs 11&12, bone only

A

Vertebral (free) ribs

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4
Q

What is osteocartilaginous Thoracic cage formed from?

A

Cartilage and Bone

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5
Q

Describe typical ribs.

A

Ribs 3-9, have head, neck, tubercle, and shaft w/ costal angle of anterior and medial bend

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6
Q

Which are atypical ribs?

A

Ribs 1, 2, & 10-12

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7
Q

Describe rib 1.

A

broad and short, attaches to scalene muscles of neck

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8
Q

Describe rib 2.

A

Thinner and longer

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9
Q

Describe ribs 10-12.

A

Ribs w/ only one facet

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10
Q

What is special about rib 11 & 12?

A

Have no necks or tubercles

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11
Q

What aligns with the thoracic vertebrae from the ribs?

A

superior and inferior demifacets (one on transverse process and other on spinous process)

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12
Q

What are parts of sternum?

A

Manubrium, body, and xiphoid process

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13
Q

What is the Superior Thoracic Aperature?

A

1st thoracic vertebra, 1st pair of ribs and costal cartilages, superior border of manubrium (enter/leave head or neck into body)

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14
Q

What is the Inferior Thoracic Aperature?

A

12th thoracic vertebra, 11th and 12th pair of ribs, costal cartilages of ribs 7-10, xiphisternal joint

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15
Q

What are the joints of the head of the ribs?

A

costovertebral joints

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16
Q

What is purpose of radiate ligament?

A

Allows limited movement of articular capsule

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17
Q

Costotransverse joints.

A

Tubercle of rib aligning with transverse costal facet, stabilized by costotranverse ligament, superior and lateral costotransverse ligaments.

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18
Q

Costochondral Joints

A

Hyaline cartilaginous joints allowing no movement of ribs

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19
Q

Interchondral Joints

A

Plane synovial joints allowing a little movement of ribs

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20
Q

Sternocostal Joints

A

Primarily cartilaginous joints with little movement allowed, mostly synovial??

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21
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior

A

Attachments: C7-T3 spinous processes, Ribs 2-4

Innervation: 2nd to 5th intercostal nerves

Action: Inc AP diameter of thorax; proprioception

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22
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior

A

Attachments: T11-L2 spinous process, Ribs 8-12

Innervation: T9-T12 anterior rami

Action: Depresses inferior ribs; proprioception

23
Q

Levatores Costarum

A

Attachments: Transverse processes T1-T11, Ribs aligning with T1-T11

Innervation: Posterior Primary Rami C8-T11

Actions: Elevate ribs

24
Q

External Intercostal Muscle

A

Attachments: Inferior border of ribs, Superior border of adjacent rib

Innervation: intercostal nerve

Action: Elevate rib during forced inspiration

25
Q

Internal Intercostal Muscle

A

Attachments: Inferior border of ribs, Superior border of adjacent rib

Innervation: intercostal nerve

Action: Depress ribs during forced expiration (interosseous part), Elevate ribs during forced inspiration (interchondral part)

26
Q

Function of pleural cavity

A

Prevent recoil of lungs

27
Q

What does surface tension of cavity do?

A

Allows expansion of lungs w/ diaphragm retraction

28
Q

During inspiration…

A

diameter increases and air pressure in lungs decreases

29
Q

During expiration…

A

diameter decreases and air pressure in lungs increases

30
Q

Pneumothorax

A

penetrating wound and rupture of visceral pleura

31
Q

Hydrothorax/hemothorax

A

pulmonary edema (increased capillary pressure due to cardiac failure)

32
Q

Midclavicular line

A

6th rib: inferior lung
8th rib: partietal pleura

33
Q

Midaxillary line

A

8th rib: inferior lung
10th rib: parietal pleura

34
Q

Midscapular line

A

10th rib: inferior lung
12th rib: parietal pleura

35
Q

Pulmonary artery and veins

A

circulation pattern between right and left sides of heart

right side of heart supply

deoxygenated blood

36
Q

Bronchial artery and veins

A

circulation pattern to lung tissue

aorta supply

oxygenated blood

37
Q

Lung Compliance

A

change in volume & change in pressure

38
Q

Importance of surface tension?

A

Needed in pleural cavity to counteract elasticity/recoil of lungs

39
Q

Tidal Volume

A

volume of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath

500 mL in healthy adult

40
Q

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

A

additional volume of air inhaled beyond tidal volume

2500-2500 mL in healthy adult

41
Q

Expiratory Reserve Volume

A

additional volume of air exhaled beyond tidal volume

1000 mL in healthy adult

42
Q

Residual Volume

A

amount of air remaining in the lungs after forceful respiratory effort

500-1000 mL in healthy adult

43
Q

Inspiratory Capacity

A

tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume

44
Q

Functional Residual Capacity

A

expiratory reserve + residual volumes

45
Q

Vital Capacity

A

inspiratory reserve + tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume

46
Q

Total Lung Capacity

A

tidal volume + inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume + residual volume

47
Q

O2 partial pressure

A

alveolus - 105 mmHg
capillary - 40 mmHg

48
Q

CO2 partial pressure

A

alveolus - 40 mmHg
capillary - 45 mmHg

49
Q

Parasympathetic Division of Lungs

A

vagus nerves

bronchoconstriction, vasodilation, secretomotor

50
Q

Sympathetic Division of Lungs

A

paravertebral ganglia

bronchodilation, vasoconstriction, inhibition to secretory glands

51
Q

Job of bronchial veins?

A

drain a portion of the blood supplied to lungs by bronchial arteries

52
Q

Factors affecting respiration

A

Pressure of lungs
Thickness of respiratory membrane
Surface area of respiratory membrane

53
Q

Bronchopulmonary Segmentation

A

Left lung: 5 inferior & 5 superior
Right lung: 5 inferior, 2 middle, & 3 superior

Creighton Anatomy (13 decks)

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