Development: Musculoskeletal/Integumentary System

Question 1

Intramembranous bone formation

Answer 1

Pre-existing membranous sheaths
flat bones

Question 2

Endochondral bone formation

Answer 2

Cartilaginous models
Long bones
Condrification centers

Question 3

Intramembranous Ossification

Answer 3

High vascular and dense mesenchyme
Osteoblasts
Haversian System
Osteoclasts
Bone Marrow

Question 4

Intracartilaginous Ossification

Answer 4

Cartilage model
Primary center of ossification
Hemopoietic cells
Epiphyses
Complete by age 20

Question 5

Time period of Joint development

Answer 5

week 6-8

Question 6

Fibrous joint development

Answer 6

differentiation into dense fibrous tissue

Question 7

Cartilaginous joint development

Answer 7

differentiation into hyaline or fibrocartilage

Question 8

Synovial Joint development

Answer 8

peripheral formation capsule
central cavitation
formation of synovial lining

Question 9

Week 4 Development

Answer 9

Vertebral column
Sclerotomes surround notochord and neural tube

Question 10

Membranous Development bones

Answer 10

typically flat bones of skull and sutures

Question 11

Week 5 development

Answer 11

limb buds appear

Question 12

Week 8 development

Answer 12

primary centers of ossification

Question 13

Week 34-38

Answer 13

secondary centers of ossification

Question 14

Development of smooth muscle

Answer 14

splanchnic mesenchyme around endoderm of primitive gut

Question 15

Development of cardiac muscle

Answer 15

from primordial myocardium
growth & differentiation of single cells

Question 16

Anomalies of Limbs

Answer 16

24-36 days of critical period in limb development

Question 17

Amelia

Answer 17

complete lack of limb development

Question 18

Meromelia

Answer 18

Short limbs present, useless

Question 19

Polydactyly

Answer 19

extra digits in fingers or toes

Question 20

Syndactyly

Answer 20

fusion of two digits in fingers or toes

Question 21

Congenital Clubfoot

Answer 21

position of feet/ankles turned medially
caused by too little amniotic fluid

Question 22

Congenital Hip Disclocation

Answer 22

acetabulum development issues

Question 23

Serious Limb Anomalies

Answer 23

Amelia
Meromelia

Question 24

Cosmetic Limb Anomalies

Answer 24

Polydactyly
Syndactyly

Question 25

Mechanical Limb Anomalies

Answer 25

Congenital Club Foot
Congenital Hip Disclocation

Question 26

Skin Development

Answer 26

Surface Ectoderm (Epidermis)
Mesoderm (Dermis)
Neural Crest (Melanocytes)