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Creighton Anatomy > Posterior Abdominal Wall, Diaphragm, Pelvis > Flashcards

Posterior Abdominal Wall, Diaphragm, Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

Kidney Function

A

Regulate body fluids

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2
Q

Renal Hilum

A

Common area for vein and artery to enter kidney and leave thru ureter

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3
Q

Ureter

A

Duct of kidney

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4
Q

Renal Cortex

A

Outer area
Proximal Tubule
Distal Tubule
Minor Calyx (renal papilla)

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5
Q

Nephron

A

Functional unit of the kidney

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6
Q

Renal Medulla

A

Middle area
Loop of Henle

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7
Q

Renal Sinus

A

Major Calyx

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8
Q

Kidney Filtration

A

Movement of fluid from glomerular capillaries to Bowman’s space

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9
Q

Kidney Reabsoprtion

A

Movement of substances from nephron to surrounding vessels

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10
Q

Kidney Secretion

A

Movement of substances from surrounding vessels into the nephron

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11
Q

Kidney Excretion

A

Fluid homeostasis

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12
Q

Kidney Acid

A

Base balance homeostasis

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13
Q

Blood flow to kidneys

A

1.2-1.3 L

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14
Q

Urinary Excretion

A

Glomerular filtration - Tubular reabsorption + Tubular secretion
- Collecting duct concentration

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15
Q

Urine entering collecting duct

A

diluted and the concentrated while in there

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16
Q

Acidosis

A

pH < 7.35
Kidney and Lung disease

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17
Q

Alkalosis

A

pH > 7.45
Hyperventilation
Dehydration and vomiting

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18
Q

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

A

Specialized portion of nephron composed of cells in distal convoluted tubule and afferent arteriole

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19
Q

Suprarenal Cortex: Corticosteroids

A

Mineralocorticoids
Glucocorticoids

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20
Q

Mineralocorticoids

A

Renin
Aldosterone loop

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21
Q

Glucocorticoids

A

Stress hormone
Cortisol
Hypothalamus - pituitary adrenal feedback loop

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22
Q

Suprarenal Medulla: Catecholamines

A

Fight or Flight response
Noradrenaline
Adrenalin

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23
Q

Parts of Thoracic Diaphragm

A

Central tendon
Sternal part
Costal part
Lumbar part
Crura
Vasculature
Phrenic nerve

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24
Q

3 Openings of Thoracic Diaphragm

A

Caval (inferior vena cava)
Esophageal (esophagus)
Aortic Hiatus (aorta)

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25
Q

Action of Thoracic Diaphragm

A

Contraction lowers dome

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26
Q

Fascia of Posterior Abdominal Wall

A

Psoas
Quadratus Lumborum
Thoracolumbar

27
Q

Muscles acting on trunk

A

Quadratus lumborum
Psoas minor

28
Q

Muscles action on trunk and thigh

A

Psoas major
Iliacus

29
Q

Quadratus Lumborum

A

Attachments: 12th rib, lumbar transverse processes, iliolumbar ligament, internal lip of iliac crest

Innervation: ventral rami T12-L4

Action: extends and laterally flexes vertebral column, fixes 12th rib during inspiration

30
Q

Psoas Major

A

Attachments: T12-L5 vertebrae and discs, L1-L5 transverse processes, Lesser trochanter of femur

Innervation: ventral rami L1-L3

Actions: flex thigh at hip joint and trunk

31
Q

Psoas Minor

A

Attachments: T12-L1 vertebrae, pectineal line of the pubis

Innervation: ventral rami L1-L2

Action: flex trunk

32
Q

Iliacus

A

Attachments: iliac crest and fossa, ala of sacrum, ant. sacroiliac ligaments, tendon of psoas major (lesser trochanter)

Innervation: femoral nerve (L2)

Action: flex thigh at hip joint

33
Q

Parts of Lumbar Plexus

A

Femoral Nerve
Obturator Nerve
Lumbosacral Trunk
Abdominal Wall Nerves
Cutaneous Nerve

34
Q

Parts of Sacral Plexus

A

Superior and Inferior Gluteal Nerves
Pudendal Nerve
Sciatic Nerve
Cutaneous Nerve

35
Q

L1 Branch

A

Iliohypogastric Nerve
Ilioinguinal Nerve
Genitofemoral Nerve

36
Q

L2 Branch

A

Femoral Nerve
Obturator Nerve
Genitofemoral Nerve
Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of Thigh

37
Q

L3 Branch

A

Femoral Nerve
Obturator Nerve
Lateral Cutaneous Nerve of Thigh

38
Q

L4 Branch

A

Femoral Nerve
Obturator Nerve
Lumbosacral Trunk

39
Q

L5 Branch

A

Lumbosacral Trunk

40
Q

Sympathetic Nerves

A

Abdominopelvic Splachnic Nerves
Produces vasoconstriction in abdominal viscera & slows peristalsis
Visceral Afferent Fibers (referred pain)

41
Q

Parasympathetic Nerves

A

Vagal Trunks
Pelvic Splachnic Nerves
Innervates glands/smooth muscle of viscera

42
Q

Arteries of Posterior Abdominal Wall Branching

A

Abdominal Aorta
Common Iliac Arteries
Internal & External Iliac Arteries

43
Q

Veins of Posterior Abdominal Wall Branching

A

Inferior Vena Cava
Common Iliac Veins
Internal & External Iliac Veins

44
Q

What makes up the Pelvis?

A

Hip Bones
Sacrum
Coccyx

45
Q

3 Hip Bones

A

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

46
Q

Pelvis Major

A

Between wings of ilium
False Pelvis

47
Q

False Pelvis

A

No pelvic organs
Stores abdominal viscera

48
Q

Pelvic Inlet

A

Between major and minor pelvis
Terminal lines

49
Q

Pelvis Minor

A

Between ischium & pubis
True Pelvis

50
Q

True Pelvis

A

Holds pelvic visceral organs

51
Q

Pelvic Outlet

A

Below pelvis minor

52
Q

Female Pelvic Differences

A

Wider
More inferior ischial spine
Greater pubic angle

53
Q

2 Muscle Groups of Pelvic Diaphragm

A

Levator Ani
Coccygeus

54
Q

3 Parts of Levator Ani

A

Pubococcygeus
Puborectalis
Iliococcygeus

55
Q

Anterior Pelvic Wall

A

Bodies & rami of pubic bones
Pubic Symphysis

56
Q

Lateral Pelvic Wall

A

Hip bones
Obturator foramen (Obturator membrane & Obturator internus muscle)

57
Q

Posterior Pelvic Wall

A

Sacrum
Coccyx
Ilia
Sacroiliac Joints
Piriformis Muscle

58
Q

Anatomical Position of Pelvis

A

ASIS & superior surface of pubis in same vertical plane
Ischial spine & superior surface in same horizontal plane
Acetabulum faces inferolaterally

59
Q

Parts of Ilium

A

Ala
Body
Iliac Crest
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
Posterior Superior Iliac Spine
Iliac Fossa

60
Q

Parts of Ischium

A

Body
Ramus
Obturator Foramen
Ischial Tuberosity
Ischial Spine
Lesser Sciatic Notch
Greater Sciatic Notch

61
Q

Parts of Pubis

A

Superior Ramus
Inferior Ramus
Body
Pubic Crest
Pubic Tubercle
Pectin Pubis
Pubic Symphysis
Pubic Arch
Pubic Angle

62
Q

Ligaments of Pelvis

A

Lumbosacral
Sacrococcygeal
Sacroiliac
Sacrotuberous
Sacrospinous

63
Q

Pubic Symphysis

A

No movement
Secondary cartilaginous joint
Superior & Inferior pubic ligament
Stabilize and Control Pelvis

64
Q

Sacroiliac Joint

A

Little movement allowed
Ligaments buge in preventing harm
Important for holding body weight and stabilizing

Creighton Anatomy (13 decks)

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