Knee Joint, Anterolateral Leg, & Dorsum of Foot Flashcards
Superior Tibiofibular Joint
Not considered part of knee joint
Plane type synovial
Permits slight movement during ankle dorsiflexion
Knee Joint
Modified hinge type synovial
Permits flexion and minimal rotation
Articular Capsule of Knee Joint
(Anterior View)
Patella
Patellar Tendon
Patellar Ligament
Patellar Retinaculum
Medial Knee Ligaments
Medial patellofemoral
Medial patellomeniscal
Medial patellotibial
Articular Capsule of Knee Joint
(Posterior View)
Opening for tendon of popliteus
Oblique popliteal ligament
Synovial Membrane of Knee
Lines fibrous capsule
Attaches to meniscal edge and patella edge
Reflects between tibia and patella onto cruciate ligaments
Extracapsular Ligaments
Tibial Collateral
Fibular Collateral
Oblique Popliteal
Arcuate Popliteal
Tibial Collateral Ligament
Attaches to medial meniscus
Limits valgus movement of the tibia on femur
Posterior Oblique Ligament
Limits posteromedial rotation of the tibia of femur
Oblique Popliteal Ligament
Expansion of tendon of semimembranosus
Arcuate Popliteal Ligament
Crosses tendon of popliteus muscle
Fibular Collateral Ligament
Separated from lateral meniscus by tendon of popliteus
Splits the tendon of the biceps femoris posteriorly
Limits varus movement of tibia and femur
Popliteofibular Ligament
Important for posterolateral stability of knee
Intracapsular Ligaments of Knee
Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Anterior Cruciate Ligament
2-3 fiber bundles
Slack when knee flexed and taut when knee extended
Limits posterior displacement of femur on tibia and hyperextension
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Thicker and stronger than ACL
Slack when knee extended and taut when knee flexed
Limits anterior displacement of femur on tibia and hyperflexion
Menisci
Crescent shaped fibrocartilage
Medial and Lateral attach to tibia and limit sliding mvmt
Unhappy Triad of Knee
Tear of tibial collateral ligament (MCL)
Tear of medial meniscus
Tear of ACL
Genicular Arteries
Femoral
Popliteal
Anterior tibial recurrent
Circumflex fibular
Bursae around Knee
Subcutaneous: Prepatellar & Infrapatellar
Continuous with Synovial Cavity: Suprapatellar, Popliteus, Anserine, & Gastrocnemius
Tibiofibular Syndesmosis
Unites the shafts of tibia and fibular
Site of muscle attachment in leg
Bones of Leg
Tibia - majority of weight bearing
Fibula - majority of muscle attachments
Bones of Foot
Calcaneus
Talus
Cuboid
Navicular
Cuneiforms
Metatarsus
Phalanges
Anterior Compartment Syndrome
Compress artery and nerve
Some muscles will begin to die
Muscles of Anterior Compartment of Leg
Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Extensor Hallicus Longus
Fibularis Tertius
Tibialis Anterior
Attachments: Lateral condyle &superior half of lateral surface of tibia, interosseous membrane; medial cuneiform and first tarsal
Innervation: Deep fibular (L4)
Actions: Dorsiflexion of ankle & inversion of foot
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Attachments: Lateral condyle of tibia, superior 3/4 of medial fibula, interosseous membrane; middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes
Innervation: Deep fibular (L4)
Actions: Dorsiflex ankle & extension of lateral 4 toes
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Attachments: Middle part of anterior fibular, interosseous membrane; dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx great toe
Innervation: Deep fibular (L4)
Actions: extend great toe and dorsiflex ankle
Fibularis Tertius
Attachments: Inferior 1/3 of fibula, interosseous membrane; dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal
Innervation: Deep fibular (L4)
Actions: dorsiflex ankle & evert foot
Nerve and Artery of Anterior Compartment
Deep fibular nerve
Anterior tibial artery
Extensor Retinaculum of Anterior Compartment
Superior & Inferior
Muscles of Dorsum of Foot
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Extensor Hallucis Brevis
Tendons of Dorsum of Foot
Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus
Fibularis tertius
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Attachments: Calcaneus, talocalcaneal ligament, inferior extensor retinaculum; long extensor tendons of four lateral toes
Innervation: deep fibular
Actions: aid in extension of toes
Extensor Hallucis Brevis
Attachments:Calcaneus, talocalcaneal ligament, inferior extensor retinaculum; dorsal aspect of base of proximal phalanx of great toe
Innervation: deep fibular
Actions: aids in extension of great toe
Muscles in Lateral Compartment
Fibularis Longus
Fibularis Brevis
Superior Fibular Retinaculum
Fibularis Longus
Attachments: Head and superior 1/3 of fibula; base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
Innervation: Superficial fibular (L5,S1)
Actions: Evert foot and weakly plant flex ankle
Fibularis Brevis
Attachments: Inferior 2/3 of lateral fibula; dorsal surface of tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
Innervation: Superficial fibular (L5,S1)
Actions: Evert foot and weakly plant flex ankle
Nerves of the Lateral Compartment
Superficial Fibular Nerve
