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Creighton Anatomy > Posterior Leg, Ankle, & Foot > Flashcards

Posterior Leg, Ankle, & Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Tarsal Bones

A

Cuneiforms
Cuboid
Navicular
Calcaneus
Talus

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2
Q

3 Cuneiforms

A

Medial
Intermediate
Lateral

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3
Q

1st, 2nd, & 3rd Rays

A

Phalanges
Metatarsal
Cuneiform

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4
Q

4th & 5th Rays

A

Phalanges
Metatarsal

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5
Q

Sesamoid Bones of Foot

A

Le in the tendons of the flexor hallicus brevis

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6
Q

Talocrural Joint

A

Hinge joint
Motions: plantarflexion & dorsiflexion

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7
Q

Subtalar Joint

A

Plane joint
Motions: pronation & supination

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8
Q

Inferior Tibio-fibular Joint

A

Basically no movement

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9
Q

Lis Franc Joint Complex

A

tarsometarsal joints between 1st cuneiform & 1st metatarsal; 2nd cuneiform & 2nd metatarsal

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10
Q

Transverse Tarsal Joints

A

Calacaneocuboid - plane synovial
Talocalcaneonavicular - ball & socket

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11
Q

Subtalar Joints

A

Talus and Calcaneus
Plane synovial
Inversion & eversion

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12
Q

Tarsometatarsal Joint

A

Plane type synovial
Gliding & sliding

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13
Q

Intermetatarsal Joint

A

Plane type synovial
Little movement

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14
Q

Metatarsophalangeal Joint

A

Condyloid type synovial
Flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction

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15
Q

Interphalangeal Joint

A

Hinge type joint
Flexion & extension

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16
Q

Lateral Ankle Ligaments

A

Anterior Talofibular
Posterior talofibular
Calcaneofibular

Resist ankle inversion

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17
Q

Medial Ankle Ligaments (deltoid)

A

Anterior Tibiotalar
Tibionavicular
Tibiocalcaneal
Posterior Tibiotalar

Resist ankle eversion

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18
Q

Inferior Ankle Ligaments

A

Anterior Inferior Tibiofibular
Posterior Inferior Tibiofibular

Minimal to No Movement

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19
Q

Plantar Calcaneonavicular Ligament

A

Medial Foot
“Spring Ligament”
Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot

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20
Q

Bifurcate Ligament

A

Lateral Foot
Dorsal calcaneocuboid & calcaneonavicular
Support lateral longitudinal arch of foot

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21
Q

Plantar Fascia (aponeurosis)

A

Attachments: medial tubercle of calcaneus; 5 metatarsal heads and navicular

Action: Supports medial and lateral arches of foot

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22
Q

3 arches of Foot & Purpose

A

Medial
Lateral
Transverse

Shock absorption of foot

23
Q

Sagittal Plane Motions

A

Dorsiflexion: 15-20 degrees
Plantarflexion: 50 degrees

24
Q

Frontal Plane Motions

A

Eversion: 5-15 degrees
Inversion: 20-30 degrees

25
Q

Supination of ankle

A

plantar flexion, inversion, & adduction

26
Q

Pronation of ankle

A

dorsiflexion, eversion, & abduction

27
Q

Deep Posterior Compartment of Leg

A

Tibialis Posterior
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Flexor Hallucis Longus

28
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A

Attachments: interosseous membrane, posterior surface of tibia and fibula; tuberosity of navicular, cuneiform & cuboid, bases of 2nd, 3rd, & 4th metarsals

Innervation: Tibial

Actions: inversion, medial arch support, assist in plantar flexion

29
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

A

Attachments: medial posterior tibia inferior; base of distal phalanges of later four digits

Innervation: Tibial

Actions: Flex lesser toes, medial arch support, assist in plantar flexion

30
Q

Flexor Hallicus Longus

A

Attachments: Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula and inferior interosseous membrane; base of distal phalanx of great toe

Innervation: Tibial

Actions: Flex great toe, medial arch support, assist in plantar flexion & inversion

31
Q

Tarsal Tunnel

A

Flexor retinaculum forms roof of tarsal tunnel

FDL, Tibial artery, Tibial nerve, FHL, Tibialis Posterior pass behind the medial malleoulus

32
Q

Superficial Posterior Compartment

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris

33
Q

Plantaris

A

Very small muscle and can be confused as a nerve

Innervation: Tibial

34
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Attachments: medial 7 lateral condyle; calcaneus via achilles tendon

Innervation: Tibial

Actions: knee flexion & ankle plantarflexion

35
Q

Soleus

A

Attachments: head and superior fibula and medial region of posterior tibia; posterior surface of calcaneus via Achilles

Innervation: Tibial

Actions: Plantarflexion

36
Q

Achilles Tendon

A

Largest tendon in body
Inserts onto posterior tubercle of the calcaneus
Gastroc, soleus, & plantaris merge into tendon

37
Q

Layer 1 of Plantar Intrinsic Foot Muscles (superficial)

A

Abductor Hallucis
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Abductor Digiti Minimi

38
Q

Layer 2 of Plantar Intrinsic Foot Muscles

A

Quadratus Plantae
Lumbricals

39
Q

Layer 3 of Plantar Intrinsic Foot Muscles

A

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
Adductor Hallicus
Flexor Hallicus Brevis

40
Q

Layer 4 of Plantar Intrinsic Foot Muscles

A

Plantar Interossei (3)

41
Q

Dorsal Intrinsic Foot Muscles

A

Dorsal Interossei (4)

42
Q

Neurovascular Bundle of Foot

A

Nerves: medial and lateral plantar
Arteries: medial and lateral plantar

43
Q

Arteries of Foot

A

Anterior Tibial: Dorsalis Pedis
Posterior Tibial: Medial Calcaneal

44
Q

Abductor Hallicus

A

Attachments: medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis; medial side of proximal phalanx of digit 1

Innervation: medial plantar

Actions: abducts & flexes 1st toe

45
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

A

Attachements: medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis; both sides of middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes

Innervation: medial plantar

Actions: flex toes 2-5

46
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

Attachments: medial & lateral tubercles of tuberosity of calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis; lateral side base of proximal phalanx of digit 5

Innervation: lateral plantar

Actions: abducts & flexes 5th toe

47
Q

Quadratus Plantae

A

Attachments: plantar surface of calcaneus; tendon of flexor digitorum brevis

Innervation: lateral plantar

Actions: assist with toe flexion

48
Q

Lumbricals

A

Attachments: tendon of flexor digitorum longus; medial aspect of extensor expansion

Innervation: medial plantar(medial head) & lateral plantar(lateral 3 heads)

Actions: Flex MTP and extend IP joints of toes

49
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

Attachments: base of 5th metatarsal; base of proximal phalanx of digit 5

Innervation: lateral plantar

Actions: flex proximal phalanx of digit 5

50
Q

Adductor Hallicus

A

Attachments: base of metatarsal 2-4, plantar ligaments of MTP; lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of great toe

Innervation: lateral plantar

Actions: assist with transverse arch

51
Q

Flexor Hallicus Brevis

A

Attachmens: plantar surface of cuboid and cuneiforms; both sides of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit

Innervation: medial plantar

Actions: flex proximal phalanx of 1st digit

52
Q

Plantar Interossei (3)

A

Attachments: bases and medial sides of digit 3-5; medials sides of bases of phalanges of digit 3-5

Innervation: lateral plantar

Actions: abduct toes and flex MTP

53
Q

Dorsal Interossei (4)

A

Attachments: adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5; 1st medial side of proximal phalanx of digit 2, 2nd-4th lateral sides of digit 2-4

Innervation: lateral plantar

Actions: Abducts digits 2-4 & flex MTP

Creighton Anatomy (13 decks)

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