Thinking, Reasoning and Intelligence

Question 1

affective forecasting

Answer 1

tendency to overestimate how things will make them feel in the future

Question 2

analogical representations

Answer 2

showing the characteristics of an actual object

Question 3

anchoring

Answer 3

making judgments based on the first thing that comes to mind

Question 4

aphasia

Answer 4

an effect after a stroke that causes people to loose the ability to express written and spoken language

Question 5

cognition

Answer 5

mental activities with thinking, knowing. remember and communicating

Question 6

concept

Answer 6

a mental representation that groups similar things around common themes

Question 7

crystalized intelligence

Answer 7

a persons general knowledge and reasoning based on information you acquire

Question 8

fluid intelligence

Answer 8

ability to learn and reason abstractly and solve problems

Question 9

decision making

Answer 9

trying to choose the best choice out of multiple options

Question 10

deep structure

Answer 10

thoughts concepts feelings and ideas

Question 11

emotional intelligence

Answer 11

being able to understand, express, and regulate emotions

Question 12

framing

Answer 12

tendency to think a lot about the potential losses and gains from alternatives

Question 13

functional fixedness

Answer 13

having set ideas about the typical functions of objects

Question 14

general intelligence

Answer 14

general mental ability

Question 15

heuristics

Answer 15

shortcuts used to how much thinking we use to make decisions

Question 16

intelligence

Answer 16

ability to understand, learn, solve, and adapt

Question 17

intelligence quotient (IQ)

Answer 17

intelligence by the base of mental age divided by chronological age

Question 18

linguistic relativity theory

Answer 18

the particular language we speak influences the way we think about reality

Question 19

mental age

Answer 19

a specific individual, at a specific age, performs intellectually, compared to average intellectual performance for that individual’s actual chronological age

Question 20

mental sets

Answer 20

tendency to only seeing solutions that have worked in the past-example: You pull on a door handle to open it. The door doesn’t open. You pull on it a few more times before you try to push, failing to notice the “push” sign on the door.

Question 21

problem solving

Answer 21

process by deciding a goal and finding steps to get there

Question 22

representativeness heuristic

Answer 22

based judgements made everyday-example:thinking that because someone is wearing a suit and tie and carrying a briefcase, that they must be a lawyer, because they look like the stereotype of a lawyer

Question 23

restructuring

Answer 23

trying a new way of thinking about a problem to get to a conclusion

Question 24

script

Answer 24

an idea or order in the brain of how to do things-example: in class the teacher lectures u take notes and then u leave

Question 25

somatic markers

Answer 25

bodily reaction to a certain emotion or feeling-example: anxiety causes an increase in heart rate

Question 26

stereotypes

Answer 26

generalized belief about a specific category of people-example: gender bias

Question 27

stereotype threat

Answer 27

people can change the way they think because of the awareness of a stereotype

Question 28

deep and surface structure

Answer 28

deep structure refers to concepts, thoughts, ideas & feelings whereas surface structure refers to the words / language we use to represent the deep structure.

Question 29

symbolic representations

Answer 29

physical representations of objects and people and what they represent to u

Question 29

symbolic representations

Answer 29

physical representations of objects and people and what they represent to u