Thigh and Knee Joint Misc.

Question 1

What is the intermuscular septa derived from?

Answer 1

Fascia Lata

Question 2

What are the requirements for a hamstring muscle

Answer 2

Insert on the ischial tuberosity and receive innervation from sciatic nerve

Question 3

What are the 3 members of the Pes Anserine. What do they do?

Answer 3

Sartorius, gracialis, and semitendinous. They support the medial aspect of the knee and they flex the knee. also, when the knee is flexed, they medially rotate the tibia on the femur

Question 4

What nerve receives sensory from the posteriorlateral portion of the leg and what is it a branch of?

Answer 4

Sural nerve is a branch of the sciatic nerver

Question 5

What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle and what is contained within this area? what is the order of these contents, laterally to medialy

Answer 5

Inguinal Ligament, sartorius and Adductor Longus. It contains femoral N. femoral Artery and Vein along with lymph nodes. NAVEL Nerve, Artery, Vein, empty space, Lymph. Remember that the nerve is not contained within the sheath.

Question 6

Where does the sciatic nerve divide

Answer 6

Popliteal Fossa

Question 7

What is an easy way to differentiate medial and lateral menisci

Answer 7

The posterior horn of the medial meniscus is larger than the anterior horn, while those of the lateral meniscus are roughly the same

Question 8

What is the normal Q angle, what are the associated deformities

Answer 8

Normal (15-20) Greater in women. Genu Varum - bow-legged, tibia adducted wrt femur. Genu Valgum - Knock-knee, tibia abducted wrt femur

Question 9

what is the unhappy triad. What type of force causes this?

Answer 9

MCL, Medial Meniscus, ACL. A posterolateral force

Question 10

name the vessels that supply blood to the knee

Answer 10

Descending Genicular, Superior Medial Genicular, Superior Lateral Genicular, Inferior Medial Genicular, Inferior lateral Genicular, Recurrent branch of anterior tibial a. (Medial Branches penitrate the knee joint proper)

Question 11

What muscle aponeurosis does the femoral artery perforate to travel posterior to the knee?

Answer 11

Adductor Magnus Muscle.

Question 12

What is the rough line on the back of the femur?

Answer 12

The linea aspera….insertion point for muscles

Question 13

What are the two muscles in the anterior compartment that act on two joints?

Answer 13

The sartorius and the rectus femoris

Question 14

What does the vastas medialis do during knee extention?

Answer 14

Helps to keep the patella from laterally dislocating.

Question 15

What additional function can the adductor muscles do when the hip is in the extended position?

Answer 15

Flex the hip

Question 16

What two functions can the adductor magnus serve? and what is each portion innervated by?

Answer 16

The adductor portion of the muscle is innervated by the obturator nerve (L2-L4). The hamstring portion can extend the hip and is innervated by the sciatic nerve (L4-S3)

Question 17

Describe the breakup of innervation of the posterior thigh from the sciatic nerve, also what is the blood supply to this compartment?

Answer 17

Common fibular branch does short head of the biceps femoris while the tibial branch does the remaining muscles. The perforating branches of the deep femoral artery supply blood to this compartment.

Question 18

What are the two functions of all hamstring muscles?

Answer 18

To flex the knee and extend the hip, they are TWO JOINT muscles.

Question 19

What does the patella articulate with? and what is its purpose?

Answer 19

It articulates with the patella articular surface of the femur and serve to protect the quadriceps tendon from wear and tear involved with knee movement

Question 20

What reinforces the knee capsule posteriorly? Which way do they run?

Answer 20

The oblique and arcuate ligaments. the oblique runs from medial to lateral and inferior to superior. The arcuate basically runs from the head of the fibula to the lateral femoral condyle.

Question 21

What reinforces the knee capsule laterally and medially?

Answer 21

The IT band and the Pes Anserine respectively.

Question 22

What kind of actions stress the ACL the most

Answer 22

Whenever forward motion is stopped

Question 23

What symptoms would a femoral nerve lesions cause (L2-L4)?

Answer 23

Wasting of quadriceps. difficulty extending knee; rising from a sitting position requires assistance; the patient has an abnormal gait characterized by planting the foot and flexing the trunk in order to maintain balance.