Intro to Gluteal Region Misc. Flashcards
Where is the center of gravity, how does it fall wrt to the, hip, knee, and ankle joints
half way between two ASIS in front of S2 vertebrae, lies posterior to hip and anterior to knee and ankle
Where does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve originate and what does it innervate
L2, L3 and conveys sensory from lateral aspect of the thigh
Where does the femoral nerve originate and what thigh compartment does it innervate
L2-L4 and innervates muscles in the anterior thigh compartment.
Where does the obturator nerve originate and what thigh compartment does it innervate
L2-L4 and innervates muscle sin the medial thigh compartment
What is the longest cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve
Saphenous branch (medial aspect of lower leg)
Describe the path of the obturator and femoral nerves as they travel into the the thigh compartment.
Femoral travels lateral to the psoas muscle and dives under the inguinal ligament. Obturator travels medial to psoas muscle and travels through the obturator foramen.
Where does the sciatic nerve originate? What are the two terminal branches of the sciatic?
L4-S3 The tibial and the common fibular/peroneal nerve
Name the branches of the femoral artery
Femoral branches into the deep and superficial femoral. Behind the knee, the femoral becomes the popliteal artery. The popliteal artery branches into the Anterior and posterior tibial arteries and the fibular artery
Name the ligaments that reinforce the pelvic girdle
Iliolumbar, Posterior Sacroiliac, anterior sacroiliac
What muscle devides the greater sciatic foramen in half? what is the only nerve or vessel that travels superiorly to this muscle through the sciatic foramen?
Piriformis muscle. The Superior gluteal neurovascular bundle.
Name the muscles of posterior lateral hip rotators superiorly to inferiorly
piriformis, superior Gemellus, Obturator Internus, Inferior Gemellus, Quadratus femoris
Where do the superior and inferior gluteal arteries originate?
Posterior and anterior branches of the internal iliac respectively
What is an important source of blood supply for the hip joint that becomes obliterated in the adult
The blood supply contained with in the ligament of the head of the femur.
Where is the hip joint strongest and weakest?
Strongest anteriorly and superiorly, weakeast inferiorly and posteriorly
Name the three ligaments of the hip joint
Iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral, iliofemoral is the most important and is the strongest ligament of the bone. It helps limit hyperextension of the hip
People with a waddling gate have issue with what hip movement, and is caused by lesions to what nerve
Trouble with hip ADduction (medial thigh compartment) most commonly lesions to the obturator nerve (L2-L4)
A positive trendelenburg sign is indicative of what?
Poor hip ABductions by the gluteus medius and minimus. on the WEIGHT BEARING leg. The non weight bearing hip will sag. This tests the integrity of the superior gluteal nerve (most commonly the L5 root which is the most significant contributor)
What signs would one notice of a dislocated hip?
Medially rotated (due to unopposed adductors) shorter (Due to unopposed iliopsoas) Portions of the sciatic nerve may be compromised
What blood supply is in danger during a femoral neck fracture?
Lateral and Medial circumflex arteries branching form the femoral artery.
What is the normal angle of the hip, what are the associated deformities
Normal (125-130) Cox Valga Deformity affected limb deviates away from midline (>130 appears short) Cox Vara Deformity affected limb deviates away from the midline (<100 appears long)
What spinal roots does the superior gluteal nerve come from?
L4,L5,S1
What spinal roots does the inferior gluteal nerve come form?
L5,S1,S2
Where does the nerve to the obturator internus and superior gemellus originate?
L5-S1
Where does the nerve to the quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus originate?
L5-S1
