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Clinical Anatomy > Thigh and Gluteal musculature > Flashcards

Thigh and Gluteal musculature Flashcards

1
Q

What is the fascia lata?

A

Thefascia latais the deepfasciaof the thigh. It encloses the thigh muscles and forms the outer limit of thefascialcompartments of thigh, which are internally separated by intermuscular septa. the outer limit of thefascialcompartments of thigh, which are internally separated by intermuscular septa.

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2
Q

What is the origin of the Iliacus?

A

Iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, and anterior sacroiliac ligaments

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3
Q

What is the insertion of the Iliacus?

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

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4
Q

What is the action of the Iliacus?

A

Flexes thigh at hip

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5
Q

What is the innervation of the Iliacus?

A

Femoral nerve (L2/L3)
Psoas: Lumbar plexus L1/L2/L3

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6
Q

What is the origin of the Psoas Major?

A

Anterior surface of transverse processes, lateral borders of vertebral bodies and corresponding intervertebral discs T12-L5

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7
Q

What is the insertion of the Psoas Major?

A

Lesser trochanter of femur

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8
Q

What is the innervation of Psoas Major?

A

Ventral rami of lumbar nerves L1/L2/L3

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9
Q

What is the action of the Psoas Major?

A

Flexes thigh at hip

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10
Q

What is the origin of the Psoas Minor?

A

Sides of T12-L1 vertebrae and discs between them, transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae

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11
Q

What is the insertion of Psoas Minor?

A

Pectineal line

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12
Q

What is the innervation of Psoas Minor?

A

Ventral rami of lumbar nerves L1/L2

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13
Q

What is the action of the Psoas Minor?

A

Flexes lumbar spine
(Absent in 40-70% population)

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14
Q

What is the origin of the Sartorius?

A

Anterior superior iliac spine

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15
Q

What is the insertion of the Sartorius?

A

Superior part of medial surface of tibia

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16
Q

What is the innervation of the Sartorius?

A

Femoral nerve (L2/L3)

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17
Q

tWhat is the action of the Sartorius?

A

Flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint. Draws the leg to sitting tailor position thigh flexed laterally rotated and abducted and knees flexed

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18
Q

What are the Quadriceps Femoris?

A

Largest and one of the strongest muscles in the body
The tendons of the four parts join to form the quadriceps tendon attaching to the base of the patella, which in turn is attached through the patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity
Consists of 4 parts -
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis

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19
Q

What is the origin of the Vastus Lateralis?

A

Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera

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20
Q

What is the insertion of the Vastus Lateralis?

A

Base of patella and by patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

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21
Q

What is the innervation of the Vastus Lateralis?

A

Femoral nerve (L2/L3/L4)

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22
Q

What is the action of the Vastus Lateralis?

A

Extends leg at knee joint

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23
Q

What is the origin of Rectus Femoris?

A

Anterior inferior iliac spine

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24
Q

What is the insertion of Rectus Femoris?

A

Base of patella and by patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

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25
Q

What is the innervation of Rectus Femoris?

A

Femoral nerve (L2/L3/L4)

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26
Q

What is the action of Rectus Femoris?

A

Extends leg at knee joint, helps iliopsoas to flex thigh

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27
Q

What is the origin of the Vastus Medialis?

A

Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur

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28
Q

What is the insertion of Vastus Medialis?

A

Base of patella and by patella ligament to tibial tuberosity . Lowest fibers of muscle insert directly on the medial border of the patellar surface

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29
Q

What is the innervation of Vastus Medialis?

A

Femoral nerve (L2/L3/L4)

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30
Q

What is the action of Vastus Medialis?

A

Extends leg at knee joint and patellar stability

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31
Q

What is the origin of Vastus Intermedius?

A

Anterior and lateral surfaces of femur

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32
Q

What is the insertion of Vastus Intermedius?

A

Base of patella and by patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

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33
Q

What is the innervation of Vastus Intermedius?

A

Femoral nerve (L2/L3/L4)

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34
Q

What is the action of Vastus Intermedius?

A

Extends leg at knee joint

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35
Q

What is the origin of the Pectineus?

A

Superior ramus of pubis

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36
Q

What is the insertion of the Pectineus?

A

Pectineal line of femur, just inferior to lesser trochanter

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37
Q

What is the insertion of the Pectineus?

A

Femoral nerve (L2/L3)

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38
Q

What is the action of the Pectineus?

A

Adducts and flexes thigh, assists with medial rotation of thigh

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39
Q

What is the origin of Adductor Longus?

A

Body of pubis inferior to pubic crest

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40
Q

What is the insertion of Adductor Longus?

A

Middle 1/3 of linea aspera of femur

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41
Q

What is the innervation of Adductor Longus?

A

Obturator nerve (L2/L3/L4)

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42
Q

What is the innervation of Adductor Longus?

A

Adducts thigh

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43
Q

What is the origin of Adductor Brevis?

A

Body and inferior ramus of pubis

44
Q

What is the insertion of Adductor Brevis?

A

Pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera of femur

45
Q

What is the innervation of Adductor Brevis?

A

Obturator nerve (L2/L3/L4)

46
Q

What is the action of Adductor Brevis?

A

Adducts thigh, some thigh flexion

47
Q

What is the origin of Adductor Magnus?

A

Adductor part: Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
Hamstrings part: Ischial tuberosity

48
Q

What is the insertion of Adductor Magnus?

A

Adductor part: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
Hamstrings part: adductor tubercle of femur

49
Q

What is the innervation of Adductor Magnus?

A

Adductor part: Obturator nerve (L2/L3/L4)
Hamstrings part: Tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4)

50
Q

What is the action of Adductor Magnus?

A

Adducts thigh, adductor part flexes thigh, hamstrings part extends thigh

51
Q

What is the Adductor Hiatus?

A

Opening in aponeurotic distal attachment of adductor magnus

Transmits the femoral artery and vein from the adductor canal in the thigh to the popliteal fossa

Located just superior to the adductor tubercle of the femur

51
Q

What is the Adductor Hiatus?

A

Opening in aponeurotic distal attachment of adductor magnus

Transmits the femoral artery and vein from the adductor canal in the thigh to the popliteal fossa

Located just superior to the adductor tubercle of the femur

52
Q

What is the Adductor Canal and what does it contain?

A

 15cm long
Narrow fascial tunnel in thigh running from apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus in tendon of adductor magnus
Contents - Femoral artery and vein
Saphenous nerve
Nerve to vastus medialis
Boundaries:

Anterior and
Lateral: Vastus medialis

Posteriorly: Adductor longus & magnus

Medial: Sartorius

53
Q

What is he origin of the Gracilis?

A

Body and inferior ramus of pubis and ischium

54
Q

What is the insertion of the Gracilis?

A

Superior part of medial surface of tibia behind the tendon of sartorius

55
Q

What is the innervation of the Gracilis?

A

Obturator nerve (L2/L3)

56
Q

What is the action of the Gracilis?

A

Adducts thigh, flexes leg

57
Q

What is the origin of the Obturator Externus?

A

Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane

58
Q

What is the insertion of Obturator Externus?

A

Trochanteric fossa of femur

59
Q

What is the innervation of the Obturator Externus?

A

Obturator nerve (L3/L4)

60
Q

What is the action of the Obturator Externus?

A

Laterally rotates thigh Stabilizes and supports the proximal limb

61
Q

What are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?

A

Superior: Inguinal ligament

Medial: Medial border of adductor longus

Lateral: Medial border of sartorius

Base: Inguinal ligament

Apex: Where medial border of sartorius crosses medial border of adductor longus, continuous with the adductor canal

Floor: Iliopsoas, pectineus and adductor longus

Roof: Fascia, subcutaneous tissue and skin

62
Q

What is the origin of Gluteus Maximus?

A

External surface of ala of ilium, including iliac crest, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament

63
Q

What is the insertion of Gluteus Maximus?

A

Iliotibial tract (75%) which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia and gluteal tuberosity (25%)

64
Q

What is the innervation of Gluteus Maximus?

A

Inferior gluteal nerve (L5/S1/S2)

65
Q

What is the action of Gluteus Maximus?

A

Extends thigh and assists in lateral rotation

66
Q

What is the origin of Gluteus Medius?

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

67
Q

What is the insertion of Gluteus Medius?

A

Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

68
Q

What is the innervation of Gluteus Medius?

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L5/S1)

69
Q

What is the action of Gluteus Medius?

A

Abducts and medially rotates thigh

70
Q

What is the origin of Gluteus Minimus?

A

External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

71
Q

What is the insertion of Gluteus Minimus?

A

Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

72
Q

What is the innervation of Gluteus Minimus?

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L5/S1)

73
Q

What is the action of Gluteus Minimus?

A

Abducts and medially rotates thigh

74
Q

What is the origin of the Tensor Fascia Lata?

A

Anterior superior iliac spine and anterior part of iliac crest between the ant superior iliac spine and the iliac tubercle

75
Q

What is the insertion of the Tensor Fascia Lata?

A

Iliotibial tract that attaches to the lateral condyle of the tibia

76
Q

What is the innervation of the Tensor Fascia Lata?

A

Superior gluteal nerve (L4/L5)

77
Q

What is the action of the Tensor Fascia Lata?

A

Assists Gluteus medius and minimus in abduction and medial rotation of the hip and stabilizes the pelvis while walking, helps Gluteus maximus to keep the knee extended

78
Q

What is the origin of the Piriformis?

A

Anterior surface of sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament

79
Q

What is the insertion of the Piriformis?

A

Superior border of greater trochanter of femur

80
Q

What is the innervation of the Piriformis?

A

Branches from ventral rami of S1/S2

81
Q

What is the action of the Piriformis?

A

Laterally rotates extended thigh and abducts flexed thigh

82
Q

What is the origin of the Obturator Internus?

A

Pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones

83
Q

What is the insertion of the Obturator Internus?

A

Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur above the trochanteric fossa

84
Q

What is the innervation of the Obturator Internus?

A

Nerve to obturator internus (L5/S1)

85
Q

What is the action of the Obturator Internus?

A

Laterally rotates extended thigh and abducts flexed thigh

86
Q

What is the origin of the Superior & Inferior Gemelli?

A

Superior: Ischial spine
Inferior: Ischial tuberosity

87
Q

What is the insertion of the Superior & Inferior Gemelli?

A

Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

88
Q

What is the innervation of the Superior & Inferior Gemelli?

A

Superior: Nerve to obturator internus (L5/S1)
Inferior: Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5/S1)

89
Q

What is the action of the Superior & Inferior Gemelli?

A

Lateral rotator of extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh steady femoral head in acetabulum

90
Q

What is the origin of Quadratus Femoris?

A

Lateral border of ischial tuberosity

91
Q

What is the insertion of Quadratus Femoris?

A

Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and inferior to it

92
Q

What is the innervation of Quadratus Femoris?

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris (L5/S1)

93
Q

What is the action of Quadratus Femoris?

A

Laterally rotates thigh

94
Q

What is the origin of Semitendinosus?

A

Ischial tuberosity

95
Q

What is the insertion of Semitendinosus?

A

Medial surface of superior part of tibia

96
Q

What is the innervation of Semitendinosus?

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5/S1/S2)

97
Q

What is the action of Semitendinosus?

A

Extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

98
Q

What is the origin of Semimembranosus?

A

Ischial tuberosity

99
Q

What is the insertion of Semimembranosus?

A

Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia

100
Q

What is the innervation of Semimembranosus?

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5/S1/S2)

101
Q

What is the action of Semimembranosus?

A

Extends thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

102
Q

What is the origin of Biceps Femoris?

A

Long head: Ischial tuberosity
Short head: Lateral lip of linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line

103
Q

What is the insertion of Biceps Femoris?

A

Lateral side of head of fibula

104
Q

What is the innervation of Biceps Femoris?

A

Long head: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5/S1/S2)
Short head: Common fibular (peroneal) division of sciatic nerve (L5/S1/S2)

105
Q

What is the action of Biceps Femoris?

A

Extends thigh, flexes leg and rotates it laterally

Clinical Anatomy (21 decks)

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