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Clinical Anatomy > Muscles of the Shoulder Girdle and Arm > Flashcards

Muscles of the Shoulder Girdle and Arm Flashcards

1
Q

What muscles make up the rotator cuff?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis

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2
Q

What is the origin of the Supraspinatus?

A

Supraspinous Fossa

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3
Q

Where is the Supraspinatus located?

A

above the spine of the scapula

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4
Q

What is the insertion of the Supraspinatus?

A

Greater Tubercle (Sup. Facet)

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5
Q

What is the innervation of the supraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

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6
Q

What is the action of the Supraspinatus?

A

Shoulder ABduction

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7
Q

Where is the infraspinatus located?

A

Below the spine of scap

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8
Q

What is the origin of the infraspinatus?

A

Infraspinatus Fossa

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9
Q

What is the insertion of the infraspinatus?

A

Greater Tubercle (Mid. Facet)

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10
Q

What is the innervation of the infraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular Nerve (C5, C6)

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11
Q

What is the action of the infraspinatus?

A

Shoulder Lateral Rotation

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12
Q

Where is the teres minor located?

A

Humeral head to lateral border of scap

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13
Q

What is the origin of the teres minor?

A

Sup. part of lat. border of scapula

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14
Q

What is the insertion of the teres minor?

A

Greater Tubercle (Inf. Facet)

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15
Q

What is the innervation of the teres minor?

A

Axillary Nerve (C5, C6)

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16
Q

What is the action of the teres minor?

A

Shoulder Lateral Rotation

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17
Q

Where is the subscapularis?

A

On the underside of the scapula

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18
Q

What is the origin of the subscapularis?

A

subscapular fossa

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19
Q

What is the insertion of the subscapularis?

A

Lesser Tubercle of humerus

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20
Q

What is the innervation of the subscapularis?

A

Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6, C7)

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21
Q

What is the action of the subscapularis?

A

Shoulder medial rotation, ADduction

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22
Q

What muscles stabilise the scapula and clavicle?

A

Trapezius
Levator Scapula
Rhomboids Major and Minor
Serratus Anterior
Pectoralis Major
Pectoralis Minor
Subclavius

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23
Q

What is the origin of the serratus anterior?

A

External surfaces of lateral parts of 1st to 8th ribs

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24
Q

What is the insertion of the serratus anterior?

A

Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

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25
Q

What is the innervation of serratus anterior?

A

Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

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26
Q

What is the action of the serratus anterior?

A

Protracts scapula and holds it against the thoracic wall

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27
Q

What is the origin of the trapezius?

A

Medial third of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, and spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae

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28
Q

What is the insertion of the trapezius?

A

Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

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29
Q

What is the innervation of the trapezius?

A

Spinal roots of Accessory nerve (CN XI), motor; cervical nerves (C2,C3, C4), (pain and proprioception

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30
Q

What is the action of the trapezius?

A

Elevation of clavicle, Elevation and lateral rotation of Scapula, Adduction, lateral rotation, retraction

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31
Q

What is the origin of the pectoralis major?

A

Clavicular head: Anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
Sternocostal head: Anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

32
Q

What is the insertion of pectoralis major?

A

Lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

33
Q

What is the innervation of pectoralis major?

A

Lateral and medial pectoral nerves
Clavicular head (C5, C6), Sternocostal head (C7, C8, T1)

34
Q

What is the action of pectoralis major?

A

Shoulder adduction (horizontal), Flexion, medial rotation, draws scapula anteriorly & inferiorly

35
Q

What is the origin of Levator Scapulae?

A

Posterior tubercles of transverse processes C1-C4 vertebrae

36
Q

What is the insertion of Levator Scapulae?

A

Superior part of medial border of scapula

37
Q

What is the innervation of Levator Scapulae?

A

Dorsal scapular (C5) and cervical (C3, C4) nerves

38
Q

What is the action of Levator Scapulae?

A

Elevates scapula & tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating the scapula

39
Q

What is the origin of the Rhomboid Minor and Major Muscles?

A

Minor: Spinous processes C7-T1
Major: Spinous processes T2-T5

40
Q

What is the insertion of Rhomboid Minor and Major Muscles?

A

Medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle

41
Q

What is the innervation of Rhomboid Minor and Major Muscles?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

42
Q

What is the action of Rhomboid Minor and Major Muscles?

A

Scapula retraction, fix scapula to thoracic wall

43
Q

What is the origin of Pectoralis Minor?

A

3rd-5th ribs near costal cartilages

44
Q

What is the insertion of Pectoralis Minor?

A

Coracoid process of scapula

45
Q

What is the innervation of Pectoralis Minor?

A

Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

46
Q

What is the action of Pectoralis Minor?

A

Stabilises scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against the thoracic wall

47
Q

What is the origin of the subclavius?

A

Junction of first rib and its costal cartilage

48
Q

What is the insertion of the subclavius?

A

Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle

49
Q

What is the innervation of the subclavius?

A

Nerve to subclavius C5,6

50
Q

What is the action of the subclavius?

A

Anchors and depresses the Clavicle

51
Q

What is the origin of the Latissimus Dorsi?

A

Spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs

52
Q

What is the insertion of the Latissimus Dorsi?

A

Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus

53
Q

What is the innervation of the Latissimus Dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8)

54
Q

What is the action of the Latissimus Dorsi?

A

Shoulder extension, adduction, medial rotation, raises body towards arms during climbing

55
Q

What is the origin of the deltoid?

A

Lat third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

56
Q

What is the insertion of the deltoid?

A

Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

57
Q

What is the innervation of the deltoid?

A

Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

58
Q

What is the action of the deltoid?

A

Anterior Part: Shoulder Flexion, Medial Rotation
Middle Part: Shoulder Abduction
Posterior Part: Shoulder Extension, Lateral Rotation

59
Q

What are the muscles that move the arm?

A

Deltoid
Teres Major
Coracobrachiallis
Latissimus dorsi

60
Q

What is the origin of the Biceps Brachii?

A

Short Head: Tip of coracoid process of scapula
Long Head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

61
Q

What is the insertion of the Biceps Brachii?

A

Tuberosity of radius, fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

62
Q

What is the innervation of the Biceps Brachii?

A

Musculocutaneous Nerve (C5, C6)

63
Q

What is the action of the Biceps Brachii?

A

Elbow flexion and supination, Flexes shoulder joint

64
Q

What is the origin of the Brachialis?

A

Distal half of anterior surface of humerus

65
Q

What is the insertion of the Brachialis?

A

Coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity

66
Q

What is the innervation of the Brachialis?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)

67
Q

What is the action of the Brachialis?

A

Elbow flexion

68
Q

What is the origin of the Coracobrachialis?

A

Tip of coracoid process of scapula

69
Q

What is the insertion of the Coracobrachialis?

A

Middle third of medial surface of humerus

70
Q

What is the innervation of the Coracobrachialis?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6)

71
Q

What is the action of the Coracobrachialis?

A

Shoulder flexion, adduction

72
Q

What is the origin of the Triceps Brachii?

A

Long Head: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral Head: Posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
Medial Head: Posterior to humerus, inferior to radial groove

73
Q

What is the insertion of the Triceps Brachii?

A

Olecranon of ulna

74
Q

What is the innervation of the Triceps Brachii?

A

Radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)

75
Q

What is the action of the Triceps Brachii?

A

Elbow extension

Clinical Anatomy (21 decks)

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