Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Anatomy > Embryology 2 > Flashcards

Embryology 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Before the placenta is formed and can take over, what provides nutrition and gas exchange between the mother and the developing embryos the fetus to move freely within the walls of theuterus?

A

the yolk sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the primitive streak consist of?

A
  • groove- primitive groove
    • depression- primitive pit
    • mound- primitive node
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the Ectoderm become?

A

Epidermis and CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does Mesoderm become?

A

Musculoskeletal; Cardiovascular and Urogenital Systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does Endoderm become?

A

Lining of GI and Respiratory tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is theembryonicprecursor to thecentral nervous system, which is made up of thebrainandspinal cord?

A

The neural tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Sclerotome?

A

results in bone or other skeletal tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is Myotome?

A

group of muscles which a single spinal nerve innervates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is dermatome?

A

area of skin mainly supplied by a single spinal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The embryoblast differentiates into two layers called?

A

Epiblast and Hypoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the name of membrane inbetween the epiblast and hypoblast?

A

bilaminar germ disc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the epiblast?

A

cell layer of the embryonic disc that forms three primary germ layers, amniotic ectoderm and extraembryonic mesoderm.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the hypoblast?

A

second layer of the embryonic disc that forms the yolk sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does the epiblast become when the intraembryonic mesoderm and endoderm have formed?

A

Ectoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the hypoblast become as it matures?

A

Endoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the definition of mesoderm?

A

One of the three germ layers of bilaterally symmetrical animals, found in the early embryo between the ectoderm and endoderm

17
Q

What is the definition of Mesenchyme?

A

Is an undifferentiated tissue found in embryonic true mesoderm.

18
Q

What does the central neural tube become?

A

Spinal chord

19
Q

As the mesoderm matures, they form cylindrical structures, what are they?

A

paraxial - will form axial skeleton, voluntary muscle and portion of the dermis
intermediate - forms urinary tract and parts of the genital system
lateral mesodermal condensations - these form into 2 portions on day 17

20
Q

What is neurolation?

A

Formation of the neural tube

21
Q

What does the neural crest differentiate into?

A

Cranial nerves

22
Q

Somites lead to the segmental organisation of the body - true or false?

A

True

23
Q

What do somites differentiate into?

A

Dermatome, Myotome, Scleratome

24
Q

What do somites 1-4 differentiate into?

A

Occipital bone, bones around the eyes, nose and inner ears, extrinsic ocular muscles, muscles of the tongue

25
Q

What do somites 2-12 differentiate into?

A

Cervical spine and upper limb

26
Q

What do somites 13-15 differentiate into?

A

Thoracic spine and upper limb

27
Q

What do somites 26-31 differentiate into?

A

lumbar spine, abdominal dermis and lower limb

28
Q

What do somites 32-37 differentiate into?

A

sacral portion of the spine

29
Q

If there are problems with maturation of the somites, what could happen?

A

Developmental abnormalities
Caudal regression- Abnormal folding in caudal region during gastrulation leads to a variety of abnormalities depending upon the degree. Possible problems include:
Lower limb malformation due to embryo flexion, rotation and inversion
Anomalies of the lumber and sacral vertebra
Imperforate anus
Agenesis of the kidneys, urinary tract and/or genital organs (except the gonads)
Extreme case-sirenomelia-fusion of the lower limbs

30
Q

What condition could be caused from poor induction from one side?

A

structural scoliosis, faulty vertebral body formation

31
Q

What condition could be caused from Poor induction of neural tube at cranial end?

A

anencephaly (survival unlikely)

32
Q

What condition can be caused from poor induction of the neural tube?

A

Spina Bifida

33
Q

What condition could be caused from faulty contact with the ectoderm?

A

Failure of fusion of vertebral arches

34
Q

What condition can be caused from undifferentiated neural tube tissue-undifferentiated mass of tissue in the lower region of the neural tube?

A

Rachischisis/myeloschisis

Clinical Anatomy (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions