Thigh Flashcards
What are the anterior thigh muscles?
7 Muscles Pectineus Sartorius Iliopsoas Rectus femoris Vastus lateralis Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius Last 4 make up the quadriceps femoris
What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the Pectineus?
Origin: Superior ramus of pubis
Insertion: pectineal line of femur
Function: adducts and flexes thigh
Innervation: femoral nerve
What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the Sartorius?
Origin:ASIS
Insertion:superior, medial surface of tibia (pes anserinus)
Function: Flexes, abducts, laterally rotates thigh at hip, flexes leg at knee
Innervation: Femoral nerve
What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the Iliopsoas?
Origin: Ilium + T12-L5
Insertion: lesser trochanter of femur
Function: Flexes thigh at hip, stabilize hip
Innervation: iliacus-femoral nerve, Psoas major- anterior rami of L1-L3
What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the Rectus femoris?
Origin: AIIS, Ilium
Insertion: Patella (quad tendon)
Action: extends leg at knee,, flexes thigh, stabilize hip
What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the Vastus lateralis?
Origin: Greater trochanter, lateral lip of linea aspera
Insertion: Patella (quad tendon)
Function: Extends leg at knee
What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the Vastus medialis?
Origin:Intertrochanteric line, medial lip of linea aspera
Insertion: Patella (Quad tendon)
Function: extends leg at knee
What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the Vastus intermedius?
Origin: shat of femur
Insertion: patella (quad tendon)
Function: extends leg at knee
What is quadriceps femoris paralysis?
Difficulty with knee extension
Push down on thigh to help while standing, walking
Cause: damage to muscles or femoral nerve
Treatments: therapy, surgery, hamstring transfer
What is the patellar reflex test?
Tap patellar ligament with hammer
Reflex is leg extension
Tests femoral nerve (L2-L4)
L4-afferent (sensory) at knee, sense stretch of ligament
L2-L4- efferent (motor) at quads, contract in response
What are the medial thing muscles?
5 muscles Major action: adducts thigh Major innervation: obturator nerve Adductor longus Adductor brevis Adductor Magnus Gracilis Obturator externus
What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the adductor longus?
Origin: Body of pubis
Insertion: linea aspera
Function: adducts thigh
What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the adductor brevis?
Origin: body, inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion: pectineal line, linea aspera
Function: adducts thigh, flexes
What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the adductor Magnus?
Adductor part Origin: Inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus Insertion: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line Function: adducts thigh Hamstring part Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: adductor tubercle of femur Function: adducts, extend thigh Innervation: tibial nerve
What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the Gracilis?
Origin: Body,inferior pubic ramus
Insertion: superior, medial surface of tibia (pes anserinus)
Function: adducts thigh, flexes leg, rotates leg medially
What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the Obturator externus?
Origin: margin of obturator foramen
Insertion: trochanteric fossa of femur (passes posterior to neck of femur)
Function: laterally rotates thigh
What is a groin pull?
Cause: injury of adductor from quick movements or stretching/overuse
Treatment: Rest, ice, compression,(RIC), therapy, surgery
What is an avulsion fracture?
Tendon pulls away small bone fragment
Due to quick movements
Treatment: RICE, surgery, therapy
What are the borders of the femoral triangle?
Inguinal ligament-superiorly
Sartorius-Laterally
Adductor longus- medially
Iliopsoas + pectineus- floor
What are the contents of the femoral triangle?
Lateral to medial Femoral nerve Femoral artery Femoral vein Lymphatics
What is the femoral sheath?
CT sheath within femoral triangle
Surrounds Femoral artery, femoral vein and lymphatics
What is the femoral canal?
Located within femoral sheath
Surrounds lymphatics
Superior opening to femoral canal is the femoral ring
What is a femoral hernia?
Section of intestine passing through femoral ring
Risk: strangulation of intestine, ischemia, tissue loss
treatment: Surgery, reinforce with mesh, therapy
What are the borders of the adductor canal?
Sartorius
Vastus medialis
Adductor longus
Extends from bottom of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus
What are the contents of the adductor canal?
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Saphenous nerve
Nerve to Vastus medialis
What is the adductor hiatus?
Opening at the bottom of adductor canal between adductor and hamstring parts of adductor Magnus
Contains femoral artery and vein
What are the posterior thigh muscles?
3 muscles
Major action: knee flexion
Innervation: sciatic nerve
What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the biceps femoris long head?
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: head of fibula
Function: Hip extension, knee flexion, lateral rotation of leg when knee is flexed
Innervation: tibial nerve
What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the Bicep femoris short head?
Origin: linea aspera
Insertion: head of fibula
Functions: Knee flexion, lateral rotation of leg when knee is flexed
Innervation: Common fibular nerve
What are the origin, insertion actions and innervation of the semimembranosus?
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia
Actions:Hip extension, knee flexion, medial rotation of leg when knee is flexed
Innervation: Tibial nerve
What are the origin, insertion, actions and innervation of semitendinosus?
Origin:Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Pes anserinus
Actions: Hip extension, knee flexion, medial rotation when knee is flexed
Innervation:Tibial nerve
What are the muscles that insert on the Pes Anserinus?
Sartorius
Gracilis
Semitendinosus
