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Anatomy > Face And Scalp > Flashcards

Face And Scalp Flashcards

1
Q

What are the muscles of the orbital opening?

A

Orbicularis oculi

Corrugator supercili

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2
Q

What are the functions of the orbicularis oculi?

A

Orbital part-protects

Palpebral part-moistened eyes by spreading tears

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3
Q

What are the functions of the corrugator supercili?

A

Draws the eyebrows toward the middle

Frowning, shielding eyes in bright light gesture

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4
Q

What are the muscles of the nasal group?

A

Nasalis-largest of the group
Procerus-at the roof of the nose, blends with occipitofrontalis
Depressor septi nasi-assists in widening nares

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5
Q

What are the functions of the nasalis?

A

Transverse part-compresses nares

Alar part- widens nares

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6
Q

What are the functions of the procerus?

A

Draws the medial portion of the eyebrows downward

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7
Q

What are the muscles of the mouth, lips and cheeks?

A 
Orbicularis oris-around mouth
Levator labii superioris
Levator anguli oris
Depressor labii inferioris
Depressor anguli oris
Zygomaticus minor attaches to the angle of the mouth 
Zygomaticus major attaches to the muscular part of upper lip
Risorius-pull angle of mouth outward
Mentalis
Buccinator
Platysma
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8
Q

What are the functions of the orbicularis oris?

A

Closes oral fissure

Compresses and protrudes lips (kissing)

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9
Q

What are the functions of the levator labii superioris and depressor labii inferioris?

A

Levator labii superioris elevates and everts upper lip

Depressor labii inferioris depresses and everts lower lip

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10
Q

What are the functions of the zygomaticus?

A

Zygomaticus major draws the angle of the mouth upward and laterally (laughing)
Zygomaticus minor elevates the upper lip exposing the maxillary teeth

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11
Q

What are the functions of the levator anguli oris and depressor anguli oris?

A

Levator anguli oris elevates angle of the mouth and is deepest of the group
Depressor anguli oris depresses angle of the mouth downward laterally (sadness face)

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12
Q

What are the functions of the mentalis?

A

Elevates lower lip and skin of chin

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13
Q

What are the functions of the platysma?

A

Depresses mandible

Tenses skin of neck (tightness for shaving)

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14
Q

What are the functions of the buccinator?

A

Compresses cheeks against teeth

Resist distention when blowing, suckling

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15
Q

What are the auricular muscles?

A

Anterior auricular elevates and moves the ear forward
Superior auricular elevates ear
Posterior auricular retracts and elevates ear

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16
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A

2 superficial- temporalis and masseter

2 Deep-lateral and medial pterygoids

17
Q

What are the characteristics of the temporalis?

A

Lies in the temporal fossa
Inserts in the coronoid process of the mandible
Elevates and retracts mandible

18
Q

What are the characteristics of the masseter?

A

Superficial to the buccinator
Originates on the zygomatic arch and maxilla
Inserts in the angle of the mandible
Elevates jaw

19
Q

What are the branches of the facial nerve superior to inferior?

A 
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal pierces the buccinator
Marginal mandibular
Cervical
Posterior auricular posterior to occipital belly
20
Q

What are the layers of the scalp?

A 
S-skin
C-Connective tissue
A-aponeurosis
L-loose connective tissue (danger zone)
P- Pericranium-dense layer of CT
21
Q

What are the branches of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Ophthalmic gives 3 subdivisions
Maxillary gives 2 subdivisions
Mandibular gives multiple branches

22
Q

What are the subdivisions of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Frontal nerve gives Supra-orbital and supra-trochlear
Nasociliary nerve gives infra-trochlear and external nasal
Lacrimal nerve

23
Q

What are the subdivisions of the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Zygomatic nerve gives the zygomaticotemporal and the zygomaticofacial
Infra-orbital nerve

24
Q

What are the characteristics of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Possesses
A main trunk consists of the meningeal branch and the nerve to the medial pterygoid
An anterior division
A Posterior division

25
Q

What are the branches of the anterior division of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Nerve to masseter(mixed)
Deep temporal (motor)
Nerve to lateral pterygoid (motor)
Buccal nerve (sensory)

26
Q

What are the branches of the posterior division of the mandibular nerve of the trigeminal nerve?

A

Auricular temporal-split by middle meningeal artery
Lingual nerve receives chorda tympani (branch of the facial nerve)
Inferior alveolar nerve

27
Q

What are the characteristics of the inferior alveolar nerve?

A

Gives nerve to mylohyoid before entering the mandibulaire foramen
Terminates as the mental nerve

28
Q

What are the cutaneous nerves of the scalp?

A

Anterior rami give the greater auricular and the lesser occipital nerves (C2,C3)
Posterior rami gives the greater occipital nerve (C2) and third occipital nerve (C3)

Anatomy (20 decks)

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