Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

License Prep > Ther-ex > Flashcards

Ther-ex Flashcards

1
Q

Organization of a muscle (4 steps)

A

sarcomere, myofibril, fibers, muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Type 1 muscle fibers

A

Slow twitch
Low force
Resistant to fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Type 2a muscle fibers

A

Fast twitch
Fatigue resistant
Characteristics influenced by training

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Type 2b muscle fibers

A

Fast twitch
High force
Quick fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Order of muscle fiber recruitment

A

1, 2a, 2b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How long does it take before training will lead to hypertrophy?

A

6-8 wks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Muscle remodeling

A

Muscle fibers enlarge, containg more actin/myosin, and have more sarcomeres/larger myofibrils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Average ratio of fast/slow twitch muscle fibers

A

1:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Muscle training at ___% of MVC blocks blood flow due to increased____, therefore the muscle uses ____ energy source

A

60%, intramuscular pressure, anaerobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How long of rest is needed following vigorous exercise to return muscle to 90%+ of preexercise levels?

A

3-4 min.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Advantages of using manual resistance

A

1) judging force in weak pts
2) can be modified to accomodate pain
3) safe resistance if movement needs monitored
4) Can be changed to incorporate variable movements (PNF, etc)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Disadvantages of using manual resistance

A

1) no quantitative measurements
2) difficult to maintain same resistance
3) limited by strength of PT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Benefits of mechanical resistance

A

1) quantitative measurements

2) can use large loads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Disadvantages of mechanical resistance

A

1) not easily modified in terms of movement pattern

2) may be difficult to control weights in some pts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

DOMS begins _____ after vigorous ex, and peaks at ____. Soreness and stiffness can last ____

A

12-24 hrs, 24-48 hrs, 5-7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Contraindications to strengthening exercise

A

Inflammation: resistance can increase swelling and damagae joints/muscles.

Pain:severe pain/ pain lasting 24 hrs (may need to reduce load)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Isometric exercise develops strength at (point of training/full ROM), and can (increase/decrease) blood pressure. The Valsalva manuever (should/should not) be used to increase performance

A

point of training, increase (therefore use with caution for cardiac patients), should not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which form of resistance training can vary resistance through ROM, and therefore is safer for early resistance training/rehabilitation: free weights, or machines?

A

machines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Isokinetic training can provide ____ resistance at all points of ROM

A

maximum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which can produce higher forces, concentric or eccentric?

A

eccentric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Rep ranges

A

endurance: <70% MVC, 12-20 reps, 20-30s rest
Hypertrophy: 70-80% MVC, 8-12 reps, 30-120s rest
Strength: 80-100% MVC, 1-8 reps, 2-5 min rest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Mechanreceptors are stimulate by (open/closed) chain exercise, which adds to ___, ___, ___, and ___

A

closed,

joint stability, balance, coordination, agility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

DeLorme method of progression

A

based on 10 rep max
3 sets of 10 with 1-2 min rest b/w
50%, 75%, 100%

24
Q

Target heart rate to increase aerobic capacity

A

70% HR max

25
Q

Karvonen’s formula (HRR)

A

THR= ((HR max-RHR) xtarget %) + RHR

26
Q

Normal minute ventilation is __ liters, during exercise, it can get up to ___ liters d/t increased breathing rate and depth

A

6, 200

27
Q

In severe pulmonary disease, cost of breathing can be up to ___% of total consumption

A

40

28
Q

Exercise induced asthma (EIA)

A

acute, reversible airway obstruction that develops 5-15 min. after strenuous exercise

Following initial bronchodilation, airways constrict

29
Q

What makes EIA worse

A

Mouth breathing
Cold, dry air
Endurance exercise

30
Q

Submax exercise can be performed for ___ without exhausting O2 transport

A

20-60 min

31
Q

Errors in aerobic training

A

1) lack of ex testing results in poor program
2) starting too high, leading to injury
3) increasing intensity too fast
4) too intense=anaerobic
5) insufficient warm up/cool down
6) inconsistent training

32
Q

Manual stretching

A

15-30s (short duration, maintained less time than mechanical).
Intensity/duration depend of pt and PT tolerance

Low intensity manual stretch applied as long as possible is better tolerated with optimal improvement in weakened tissue

33
Q

Prolonged, low intensity stretching

A

external force (5lb to 10% of BW) applied-may be maintained for 20min- hours.

Used for knee flexion contractures

34
Q

Dynamic splint: duration and positioning/use

A

8-10 hours, positioned at end range to increase ROM

Wrist/finger contractures

35
Q

Serial casting: duration, positioning, use

A

5-7 days, positioned at end range, triceps surae contractures

36
Q

Hold Relax technique and rationale

A

isometric contraction of range limiting antagonist against slowly increasing resistance followed by relaxation and PASSIVE movement into increased range.

autogenic inhibition possibly from GTO

37
Q

Hold-relax-active-contract

A

Hold relax followed by ACTIVE movement.

additional relaxation due to active contraction and reciprocal inhibition.

38
Q

Contract-relax-active-contraction

A

isotonic movement in rotation followed by isometric hold of range limiting muscles in the antagonist pattern followed by voluntary relaxation and active movement into the the range in agonist patter

Utilize both autogenic and reciprocal inhibition

39
Q

Active stretching

A

voluntary, unassisted movement to stretch against antagonist. 15-30s duration

40
Q

T/F: a stretched or shortened muscle will add or subtract sarcomeres from its length over time

A

True

41
Q

T/F: GTO facilitates contraction of a muscle

A

False (it inhibits when excessive tension develops)

42
Q

Myostatic contracture

A

musculotendinous unit that has adaptively shortened with loss of ROM (usually in two joint muscles)

43
Q

Irreversible contracture:

A

cannot be release without sx. normal soft tissue is replaced with bone or fibrotic tissue.

44
Q

Stabilizing reversals;

A

isometric holds of alternating between agonist and antagonist

45
Q

Rhythmic stabilization

A

simultaneous contraction of agonist and antagonist

46
Q

Retention is improved with feedback given (frequently, sparsely

A

Sparsely (feedback is most likely to be retained if it is summed after a number of trials or fading with decreased frequency)

47
Q

Abnormal shortening or lengthening of muscles and ligaments associated with poor posture is known as:

A

Postural stress syndrome

48
Q

Jacobson’s progressive relaxation techniques

A

systematic distal to proximal progression of conscious contraction and relaxation of muscles

49
Q

Cohesion (aquatics)

A

tendency of water molecules to adhere to each other-leads to resistance while moving through water

50
Q

Hydrostatic pressure

A

the circumferential water pressure exerted on immersed body part

51
Q

Pascal’s law

A

pressure on immersed body is equal on all surfaces

52
Q

Temperatures above ____ have increased cardiovascular demands (aquatics)

A

37C, 98.6F

53
Q

Temperatures below ____ patients have difficulty maintaining core temp (aquatics)

A

25C, 77F

54
Q

Contraindications to aquatics

A 
Bowel/bladder incontenence.
Severe kidney disease.
Severe epilepsy.
Severe cardiac/respiratory dysfunction.
Severe PVD.
Large open wounds, skin infection, colonostomy.
Bleeding.
Water/airborne infection
55
Q

Precautions to aquatics

A 
Fear of water
Heat intolerance
Small wounds (can be dressed in waterproof dressing)

License Prep (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions