MS: end feels, capsular patterns, and shoulder biomechanics Flashcards
First class lever
Two forces on either side of axis.
ex: triceps
Second class lever
Two forces on same side of axis, resistance lies between effort and axis.
Ex: plantarflexors
Third class lever
Two forces on same side of axis, effort lies between resistance and axis.
Ex: biceps
Which type of lever is most common in human body?
third
Soft end feel
Normal, soft tissue
Firm end feel
Normal, capsule/ligament
Hard end feel
Normal, bone/cartilage
Boggy end feel
Abnormal, edema/joint swelling
Rubbery end feel
Muscle spasm
Vertebral open packed position
Midway b/w flexion and extension
Vertebral closed packed position
full extension
SC open packed
arm by side
AC open packed
arm by side
SC close packed
full elevation
AC close packed
90* abduction
Glenohumeral open packed
55-70* abduction, 30* horizontal abduction, neutral rotation
GH close packed
max abduction and ER
Elbow open packed
70* flexion, 10* supination
Elbow close packed
full extension and supination
Hip open packed
30* flexion, 30* abduction, slight ER
hip close packed
Ligament: full extension, abduction, IR
Bony: 90* flexion, slight abduction and ER
knee open packed
25* flexion
knee close packed
full extension, ER
ankle open packed
neutral inv/ev, 10* PF
talocrural close packed
full dorsiflexion
subtalar close packed
full inversion
midtarsal and TMT close packed
full supination
Toe close packed
full extension
OA capsular pattern
flexion limited greater than extension
AA capsular pattern
rotation limited
Lower cervical capsular pattern
Side bending/rotation limited more than extension.
flexion not limited
GH capsular pattern
most limited ER>ABD>IR least limited
SC/AC capsular pattern
elevation limited with pain at end range
elbow capsular pattern
flexion limited greater tthan extension
Radioulnar capsular pattern
pronation and supination equally limited
wrist capsular pattern
flexion=extension
finger capsular pattern
flexion> extension
T spine capsular pattern
SB/Rot> extension>flexion
L spine capsular pattern
SB/Rot> extension> flexion
Hip capsular pattern
Flexion/IR> abduction. Little limits in adduction and ER
Knee capsular pattern
flexion>extension
tib fib capsular pattern
pain when stressed
talocrural capsular pattern
plantarflexion more limited than dorsiflexion
what is innervated by axillary nerve?
deltoid and teres minor
what innevervates teres major
lower subscapular nerve
what innervates latissimus dorsi
thoracodorsal nerve
what innervated pec minor
medial pectoral nerve
what does the medial pectoral nerve
pec minor and pec major
What may compensate when pec major is weak?
LHB, coracobrachialis, anterior delt
What may compensate for weak shoulder abductors
scapular muscles
what may compensate for weak hip extensors
low back extensors, adductor magnus, QL
what may compensate for weak hip flexors
lower abs/obliques, hip adductors, lats
how does the glenoid fossa face
anterior, lateral, superior
what is the plane of “true abduction”
30* anterior to frontal plane
What are the 4 jts of the shoulder?
SC, AC, GH, scapulothoracic
Which part of shoulder capsule is least supported and most lax?
inferior capsule
What is the function of the coracohumeral ligament
reinforce bicep tendon/superior capsule, prevent caudal dislocation of humerus
What part of the capsule do the thee GH ligaments reinforce
anterior.
The three parts are superior, middle, and inferior–all located on anterior aspect of GH joint
What is the function of the transverse humeral ligament
Retinaculum for the LHBT
with 180* abduction, what is the ratio of GH-ST motion?
2-1
For the first 30-60* of shoulder elevation, where does the motion occur?
Mainly in the GH joint
What must occur at the T-spine for full shoulder elevation
straightening of thoracic kyphosis
