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License Prep > MS: hip/knee > Flashcards

MS: hip/knee Flashcards

1
Q

What is the orientation of the femoral head

A

superior, anterior, medial

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2
Q

What is a normal angle of inclination

A

115-125

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3
Q

What is the normal angle of antetorsion

A

10-15 (anteversion= 25-30+, retroversion= less than 10)

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4
Q

What is the orientation of the acetabulum

A

laterally, inferior, anterior

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5
Q

What is the acetabular notch?

A

area without articular cartilage at inferior aspect of acetabulum

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6
Q

What part of the hip labrum is thickest?

A

superior

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7
Q

Iliofemoral ligament

A

“Y” ligament
Two bands (lateral and medial)
Taut with extension and ER
Lateral band also taut with adduction

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8
Q

Pubofemoral ligament

A

Blends with capsule, inserts along with medial iliofemoral

taut with extension, ER, abduction

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9
Q

Ischifemoral ligament

A

Attaches to GT

taut with IR, abduction, and extension

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10
Q

What is the zona orbicularis

A

circular band w/o bony attachment that helps hold femur in acetabulum

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11
Q

Which femoral condyle descends further?

A

medial

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12
Q

Which femoral condyle has larger surface area

A

lateral

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13
Q

MCL

A

medial aspect of medial femoral condyle to upper tibia
blends with capsule
runs anteriorly, inferiorly, and obliquely (same as ACL)
taut in extension
prevents ER and stability against valgus forces

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14
Q

LCL

A 
lateral femoral condyle to fibular head
extracapsular
runs inferiorly, posteriorly, and obliquely (same as PCL)
taut in extension
prevents ER and stability against varus
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15
Q

ACL

A

anterior intercond fossa of tibia to femur at medial aspect of lateral femoral condyle
extracapsular, but intra-articular
limits IR of tibia during flexion and anterior rotation

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16
Q

Meniscofemoral ligament

A

Runs with PCl.

Attaches below posterior horn of lateral meniscus

17
Q

Oblique popliteal ligament

A

inserts into expansion of semimembranosus.

Becomes floor of popliteal fossa

18
Q

Arcuate popliteal ligament

A

Y shaped-fibular head to intercondylar area on tibia and lateral epicondyle of femur.

strengthens poserolateral capsule

19
Q

Transverse ligament

A

connects menisci anteriorly

20
Q

Medial meniscus shape

A

C

21
Q

Lateral meniscus shape

A

circular/oval

22
Q

Which meniscus is larger?

A

Medial

23
Q

Medial meniscus

A

Large, C shaped, stable

Attaches to MCL and semimebranosus

24
Q

Lateral meniscus

A

Smaller, oval.

Attaches to popliteus

25
Q

Function of menisci

A 
Deepens fossa of tibia
Increase congruency
Add stability
Shock absorption
Lubrication
26
Q

How do the menisci move?

A

Along with tibia for flexion/extension, Along with femur for rotation.

27
Q

How is the medial meniscus pulled during flexion/extension?

A

during flexion: posterior by semimebranosus

during extension: pulled anteriorly by medial meniscopatellar ligament

28
Q

What causes the femoral condyles to glide anteriorly during flexion

A

The increased tension ACL (PCL does posterior glide during extension)

29
Q

Screw home mechanism

A

tibial external rotation during TKE

30
Q

What “unlocks” screw home mechanism

A

popliteus

31
Q

What causes the screw home mechanism?

A

1) lateral femoral condyle glides posteriorly better than medial
2) More medial femoral condyle joint surface-causes more rolling on joint side
3) Medial meniscus attachment to MCL tight during extension
4) twisted cruciates cause ER
5) Lateral pull of quads

32
Q

Proximal tib/fib mechanics during dorsiflexion

A

fibular head glides superiorly and posteriorly. Fibula rotates externally

33
Q

Proximal tib/fib mechanics during plantarflexion

A

fibular head glides anteriorly and inferiorly. Fibula rotates medially

License Prep (22 decks)

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