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Anatomy > The Wrist and Hand > Flashcards

The Wrist and Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Fascial Compartments of the Hand & Wrist (5)

A 
Hypothenar
Thenar
Cantreal 
Adductor
Interosseous
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2
Q

Hypothenar: (2)

A

ulnar nerve;

intrinsic muscles of digit 5

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3
Q

Thenar: (2)

A

median nerve;

intrinsic muscles of digit 1 (thumb)

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4
Q

Central:

A

carpal tunnel (median n., tendons of f.d.s, f.d.p., flexor pollicis longus)

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5
Q

Adductor: (2)

A

deep ulnar n.;

adductor pollicis muscle

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6
Q

Interosseous: (2)

A

ulnar n., between metacarpals;

palmar and dorsal interosseous muscles

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7
Q

The (2) are thickenings in the antebrachial fasciae

A

extensor retinaculum and the flexor retinaculum

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8
Q

The flexor retinaculum (aka transverse carpal ligament) forms the

A

roof of the carpal tunnel

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9
Q

Long Flexor Tendons & Synovial Sheaths:

The long tendons of: (2)

A
  1. flexor digitorum superficialis

2. flexor digitorum profundus

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10
Q

Long Flexor Tendons & Synovial Sheaths:

enter a common flexor sheath (ulnar bursa) beneath the

A

flexor retinaculum

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11
Q

Long Flexor Tendons & Synovial Sheaths:

each of their 4 tendons then entered its own separate

A

synovial sheath

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12
Q

the synovial sheath is within a

A

fibrous digital sheath

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13
Q

Long Flexor Tendons & Synovial Sheaths:

the synovial sheath for digit 5 is continuous with the

A

ulnar bursa

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14
Q

Long Flexor Tendons & Synovial Sheaths:

the long tendon of flexor pillicis longs has a synovial sheet that is separate from the

A

ulnar bursa

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15
Q

Clinical Correlation: Infectious Tenosynovitis:

infection of

A

flexor tendon sheaths

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16
Q

Clinical Correlation: Infectious Tenosynovitis:

infections of the 5th digit can spread to (2)

A

ulnar bursa

carpal tunnel

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17
Q

Clinical Correlation: Infectious Tenosynovitis:

infections of the 1st digit can also spread to (2)

A

carpal tunnel

flexor pollicis longus tendon (radial bursa)

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18
Q

Clinical Correlation: Infectious Tenosynovitis:

“Kanavel’s Four Cardinal Signs” (“Kanavel’s Sign”) (4)

A
  1. Flexed position
  2. Pain with any attempt at extending affected digit
  3. Uniform swelling involving entire digit
  4. Percussion tenderness along course of tendon
    sheath
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19
Q

Thenar Eminence=

A

(Thenar = Thumb)

rounded mound under thumb

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20
Q

Thenar Eminence:

formed by 3 muscles

A
  1. abductor pollicis brevis
  2. flexor pollicis brevis
    • superficial head
    • deep head
  3. opponens pollicis
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21
Q

— is also a thenar muscle but is not technically part of thenar eminence

A

adductor pollicis

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22
Q

Opponens pollicis:

PA (2)

A
  • -flexor retinaculum

- tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

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23
Q

Opponens pollicis:

DA

A

-lateral side of 1st metacarpal

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24
Q

Opponens pollicis:

Actions (2)

A
  • oppose thumb

- medially rotate 1st metacarpal

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25
Q

Opponens pollicis:

Inn

A

recurrent branch of median nerve

C8, T1

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26
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis:

PA (2)

A

-flexor retinaculum & tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

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27
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis:

DA

A

-lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

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28
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis:

Actions (2)

A
  • abduct thumb,

- aid in opposition

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29
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis:

Inn

A

-recurrent branch of median nerve

C8, T1

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30
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis:

PA

A

-flexor retinaculum & tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium

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31
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis:

DA

A

-lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

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32
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis:

Action

A

-flexes thumb

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33
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis:
Inn (2)
superficial head, deep head

A

-recurrent branch of median nerve
(C8, T1) (superficial head)
-deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)
(deep head)

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34
Q

Adductor pollicis:

PA

A

-bases of 2nd & 3rd metacarpals, capitate, & adjacent carpals

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35
Q

Adductor pollicis:

DA

A

-medial side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

36
Q

Adductor pollicis:

Action

A

-adducts thumb toward lateral border of palm

37
Q

Adductor pollicis:

Inn

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve

C8, T1

38
Q 
Hypothenar Eminence (5th digit):
formed by 3 muscles"
A
  • flexor digiti minimi
  • abductor digiti minimi
  • opponens digiti minimi
39
Q 
Hypothenar Eminence (5th digit):
what lies superficial?
A

palmaris brevis

40
Q

Abductor digiti minimi:

PA

A

pisiform

41
Q

Abductor digiti minimi:

DA

A

-medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

42
Q

Abductor digiti minimi:

Actions (2)

A
  • abducts 5th digit,

- aids in flexion of 5th proximal phalanx

43
Q

Abductor digiti minimi:

Inn

A
  • deep branch of ulnar nerve

C8, T1

44
Q

Flexor digiti minimi (brevis):

PA

A

-hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

45
Q

Flexor digiti minimi (brevis):

DA

A

-medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

46
Q

Flexor digiti minimi (brevis):

Actions

A

-flexes proximal phalanx of digit 5

47
Q

Flexor digiti minimi (brevis):

Inn

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve

C8, T1

48
Q

Opponens digiti minimi:

PA

A

-hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum

49
Q

Opponens digiti minimi:

DA

A

-medial border of 5th metacarpal

50
Q

Opponens digiti minimi:

Actions

A

-brings 5th metacarpal anterior & rotates it to bring it into opposition with thumb

51
Q

Opponens digiti minimi:

Inn

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve

C8, T1

52
Q

Intrinsic (Short) Muscles=

A

Lumbricals

53
Q

1st & 2nd lumbricals (2)

A
  • attached to lateral 2 tendons of FDP

* median nerve (C8, T1)

54
Q

3rd & 4th lumbricals (2)

A
  • attached to medial 3 tendons of FDP

* deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

55
Q

Lumbrcals insert on the lateral sides of the

A

extensor expansions of digits 2-5

56
Q

Lumbricals function to (2)

A
  • flex the metacarpophalangeal joints

- extend interphalangeal joints (via the extensor expansion & extensor hood) of digits 2-5

57
Q

The extensor tendons form a moveable hood over the MP joints of the fingers called the

A

extensor expansion

58
Q

The arrangement of both extensor muscles and intrinsic hand muscles that attach to this dorsal digital expansion enable

A

the uncoupling of flexion & extension

59
Q

This mechanism enables the long extensor tendons to (2)

A

strongly extend the MP joint and allows extension of IP joints when MP joints are flexed by lumbricals, which also attach to the “hood” part of the extensor expansion

60
Q

This is also aided by contraction of — — muscles

A

dorsal interosseous

61
Q

Palmar Interossei:

there are - of them

A

3

62
Q

Palmar Interossei:

attach to

A

palmar surfaces of 2nd, 4th, & 5th metacarpals

63
Q

Palmar Interossei:

insert at

A

bases of proximal phalanges and the extensor expansions of digits 2nd, 4th, & 5th digits

64
Q

Palmar Interossei:

PAD

A

adduct 2nd, 4th, & 5th fingers toward axial line; also assist lumbricals

65
Q

Palmar Interossei:

innervation

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

66
Q

Dorsal Interossei:

there are - of them

A

4

67
Q

Dorsal Interossei:

attach to

A

adjacent sides of 2 metacarpals

68
Q

Dorsal Interossei:

insert at

A

bases of proximal phalanges and the extensor expansions of digits 2-4

69
Q

Dorsal Interossei:

DAB

A

abduct 2nd-4th fingers toward axial line; also assist lumbricals

70
Q

Dorsal Interossei:

innervation

A

deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

71
Q

Radial and Ulnar arteries: Forearm

Anterior Forearm: (3)

A
  • ulnar artery (proper)
  • radial artery (proper)
  • anterior interosseous a.
72
Q

Radial and Ulnar arteries: Forearm

Posterior Forearm: (4)

A
  • radial artery (proper)
  • recurrent interosseous a.
  • posterior interosseous a.
  • Dorsal carpal branch (ulnar a.)
73
Q 
Radial & Ulnar arteries: Hand
Radial a (2)
Ulnar a (1)
A

deep palmar arch

superficial palmar branch of radial artery

74
Q

deep palmar arch (2)

A

princeps pollicis artery

radialis indicies artery

75
Q

ulnar artery (1)

A

superficial palmar arch

76
Q

superficial palmar arch (1)

A

common palmar digital arteries

77
Q

common palmar digital arteries (1)

A

proper digital arteries

78
Q

Anatomical snuff box is bordered by (2)

A

extensor pollicis brevis and

extensor pollicis longus

79
Q

The superficial branch of the radial nerve passes across the snuff box —

A

superficially

80
Q

the snuff box contains the (3)

A

radial artery,
the trapezium,
scaphoid bones

81
Q

The median nerve passes through the carpal tunnel with

A

all of the tendons of f.d.s. and f.d.p.

82
Q

Recurrent branch of median nerve (motor) is very superficial (easily injured) as it enters the

A

thenar eminence

83
Q

Ulnar nerve passes — to flexor retinaculum and enters ulnar canal (Guyon’s Canal) — to ulnar artery

A

superficial

medial

84
Q

Radial nerve supplies — muscles in hand

A

NO

85
Q

Superficial radial nerve provides sensation to — of hand

A

dorsum

Anatomy (29 decks)

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