Intro to Parasympathetics

Question 1

autonomic =

Answer 1

visceral motor

Question 2

target tissues of visceral motor innervation (3)

Answer 2

smooth muscle
cardiac muscle
glands

Question 3

activities of the visceral motor tissues are under — control

Answer 3

unconscious

involuntary

Question 4

— neurons connect the CNS to the target

Answer 4

2

Question 5

visceral innervation is usually associated with

Answer 5

internal organs

Question 6

however, there are some visceral structures in the

Answer 6

body wall

Question 7

visceral structures in the body wall (3)

Answer 7

sweat glands
arrector pili muscles (smooth)
smooth muscle in the skin and vessel walls

Question 8

arrector pili muscles

Answer 8

smooth muscle attached to the end of hair follicles

makes hair stand up, goosebumps

Question 9

smooth muscle in the skin and vessel walls

Answer 9

arteries

when smooth muscle contracts it narrows blood vessels

Question 10

what are the three basic components to visceral motor innervation?

Answer 10

sympathetic innervation
parasympathetic innervation
enteric innervation (gut only)

Question 11

enteric inntervation

Answer 11

parasympathetic in the wall of the intestines

Question 12

sympathetics and parasympathetics usually act

Answer 12

antagonistically

Question 13

most internal organs receive both kinds of innervation and the brain regulates the

Answer 13

balance between them

Question 14

the arteries to some internal organs receive only

Answer 14

sympathetics

Question 15

nearly all of the visceral structures in the body wall receive — — only

Answer 15

sympathetic innervation

Question 16

exceptions are

Answer 16

arteries to the external genitalia, which are body-wall structures that receive both sympathetics and parasympathetics

Question 17

almost all of the actions of the sympathetic nervous system can be deduced by considering what occurs at times when the body

Answer 17

expends energy

fight or flight

Question 18

most of the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system can be deduced by considering what occurs during

Answer 18

intake and conservation of energy

rest and digest

Question 19

sympathetic nervous system dilates (3)

Answer 19

pupil
coronary vessels
bronchial passages

Question 20

sympathetic nervous system increases (3)

Answer 20

heart rate
strength of ventricular contractions
blood flow to skeletal muscles

Question 21

sympathetic nervous system decreases (2)

Answer 21

blood flow to the digestive organs

secretion by digestive glands

Question 22

sympathetic nervous system stimulates (2)

Answer 22

secretion of sweat glands

secretion of adrenaline

Question 23

parasympathetic nervous system contacts (2)

Answer 23

pupils

urinary bladder

Question 24

parasympathetic nervous system constricts (1)

Answer 24

bronchial passageways

Question 25

parasympathetic nervous system stimulates (3)

Answer 25

lacrimal gland secretion
salivary gland secretion
motility and secretion of GI tract

Question 26

parasympathetic nervous system increases (2)

Answer 26

blood flow to digestive organs

secretion of digestive glands

Question 27

parasympathetic nervous system decreases (3)

Answer 27

heart rate
strength of ventricular contractions
blood flow to skeletal muscles

Question 28

parasympathetic nervous system relaxes (1)

Answer 28

GI sphincters

making room by eliminating feces and urine

Question 29

both sympathetics and parasympathetics use – neuron pathways

Answer 29

two

Question 30

ganglion is halfway between

Answer 30

CNS and target organ

Question 31

cell body of the preganglionic neuron is in the

Answer 31

CNS

Question 32

anatomical differences between sympathetics and parasympathetics (3)

Answer 32

location of preganglionic cell bodies
relative lengths of preganglionic and postganglionic axons
size and location of ganglia

Question 33

parasympathetic= — outflow

Answer 33

craniosacral

Question 34

craniosacral outflow originates from either the

Answer 34

brain or S2-S4 levels of the spinal cord

Question 35

sympathetic= — outflow

Answer 35

thoracolumbar

Question 36

thoracolumbar outflow originates from the

Answer 36

T1-L2 levels of the spinal cord

Question 37

you will never see a sympathetic nerve coming from the

Answer 37

brain

Question 38

S2-S4 is the end of the

Answer 38

spinal cord

Question 39

the craniosacral outflow and thoracolumbar outflow never

Answer 39

overlap

Question 40

the sympathetic preganglionic neuron is relatively

Answer 40

short

Question 41

the sympathetic ganglion is — compared to the parasympathetic

Answer 41

big

big enough for us to see in the thorax, abdomen, etx

Question 42

the parasympathetic preganglionic neuron is relatively

Answer 42

long

Question 43

the parasympathetic postganglionic neuron is

Answer 43

microscopic

Question 44

the parasympathetic ganglion is located within the

Answer 44

target organ

Question 45

the vagus nerve supplies parasympathetics to (3)

Answer 45

cervical mucosa (pharynx and larynx)
all of the thoracic organs
organs of the upper abdomen

Question 46

you never see postganglionic axons with parasympathetics because they are within the

Answer 46

target organ

Question 47

the pelvic splanchnic nerves supply

Answer 47

parasympathetics to the lower abdomen and the pelvis

Question 48

the pelvic splanchnic nerves supply parasympathetics from

Answer 48

S2-S4