Superficial Shoulder

Question 1

The superficial, or extrinsic, muscles of the back are muscles that move the (2)
All but one are innervated by branches from the

Answer 1

upper limb and pectoral girdle
brachial plexus (ventral rami)

Question 2

layer 1 of the extrinsic back (2)

Answer 2

trapezius

latissimus dorsi

Question 3

trapezius innervation
motor
sensory

Answer 3

motor: accessory nerve/CN11
sensory: C3/C4 spinal nerves

Question 4

latissimus dorsi innervation

Answer 4

thoracodorsal nerve

Question 5

layer 2 of the extrinsic back (3)

Answer 5

levator scapulae
rhomboid minor
rhomboid major

Question 6

levator scapulae innervation

Answer 6

3rd & 4th cervical spinal nerves & dorsal scapular nerve

Question 7

rhomboid major and minor innervation

Answer 7

dorsal scapular nerve

Question 8

layer 3 extrinsic back muscles (2)

Answer 8

serratus posterior superior

serratus posterior inferior

Question 9

serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior do NOT

Answer 9

move the limb

Question 10

serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior innervation

Answer 10

intercostal nerve branches

Question 11

trapezius proximal attachment (3)

Answer 11

external occipital protuberance of skull,
nuchal ligament,
spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae

Question 12

trapezius distal attachment (3)

Answer 12

-lateral third of clavicle (anterior),
acromion,
spine of scapula

Question 13

trapezius actions (2)

Answer 13

elevates, depresses, and retracts scapula,

rotates glenoid fossa superiorly

Question 14

trapezius innervation

• motor:
• pain & proprioception:

Answer 14

• motor: accessory nerve (CNXI)

- pain & proprioception: C3 & C4

Question 15

Latissimus dorsi

Proximal Attachment: (4)

Answer 15

spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae,
thoracolumbar fascia,
iliac crest,
inferior 3 ribs

Question 16

Latissimus dorsi

Distal attachment

Answer 16

floor of intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove) of humerus

Question 17

Latissimus dorsi

Actions (3)

Answer 17

extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus;
raises torso towards arms during climbing
pulls humerus down when torso is fixed

Question 18

Latissimus dorsi

Innervation

Answer 18

thoracodorsal nerve

Question 19

Rhomboid major & Rhomboid minor:
Proximal attachment
-r. major: (1)
-r. minor: (2)

Answer 19

• r. major: spinous processes of T2-T5

- r. minor: nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 & T1

Question 20

Rhomboid major & Rhomboid minor:
distal attachment
-r. major: (1)
-r. minor: (1)

Answer 20

• -r. major: medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle
• r. minor: medial end of scapular spine

Question 21

Rhomboid major & Rhomboid minor:

actions (2)

Answer 21

BOTH retract, elevate, and rotate scapula downward,

as well as fix it to thoracic wall

Question 22

Rhomboid major & Rhomboid minor:

innervation

Answer 22

BOTH dorsal scapular nerve

Question 23

Levator scapulae: 
Proximal Attachment (1)

Answer 23

-posterior tubercles of transverse processes of first 4 cervical vertebrae

Question 24

Levator scapulae:
Distal Attachment (2)

Answer 24

medial border of scapula,

superior part of scapular spine

Question 25

Levator scapulae: | Actions (2)

Answer 25

elevates scapula | tilts glenoid fossa inferiorly by rotating scapula (downward rotation)

Question 26

Levator scapulae: | Innervation (2)

Answer 26

-dorsal scapular nerve and cervical spinal nerves (C3-C4)

Question 27

3 muscles move the scapula:

Answer 27

rhomboid major rhomboid minor levator scapulae

Question 28

These 3 muscles move the scapula: Rhomboid major & minor: (3) Levator scapulae: (2)

Answer 28

1. elevates scapula 2. retraction 3. downward rotation 1. elevates scapula 3. downward rotation

Question 29

Anterior Axio-Appendicular Muscles muscles of the --- region

Answer 29

pectoral

Question 30

Anterior Axio-Appendicular Muscles are innervated by

Answer 30

ventral rami of spinal nerves via branches of the brachial plexus

Question 31

Anterior Axio-Appendicular Muscles include (4)

Answer 31

* Pectoralis major * Pectoralis minor * Subclavius * Serratus anterior

Question 32

``` Pectoralis major: Proximal Attachment (3) ```

Answer 32

-clavicular and sternocostal attachments • ant. surface of medial ½ of clavicle • ant. surface of sternum and superior 6 costal cartilages

Question 33

``` Pectoralis major: Distal attachment (1) ```

Answer 33

-lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove)

Question 34

Pectoralis major: | Actions (4)

Answer 34

- adducts & medial rotates humerus - draws scapula anteriorly & inferiorly (via clavicle) - clavicular portion flexes humerus - sternal portion can extend humerus while it is in this flexed position

Question 35

Pectoralis major: | Innervation (2)

Answer 35

lateral & medial pectoral nerves

Question 36

Pectoralis minor: | Proximal Attachment

Answer 36

3rd – 5th ribs, near coastal cartilages

Question 37

Pectoralis minor: | Distal Attachment

Answer 37

coracoid process of scapula

Question 38

Pectoralis minor: | Actions

Answer 38

stabilizes scapula by pulling it anteriorly & inferiorly against posterior thoracic wall

Question 39

Pectoralis minor: | Innervation

Answer 39

-medial pectoral nerve | it is usually pierced by this nerve

Question 40

Serratus anterior: | Proximal Attachment

Answer 40

-external surfaces of lateral parts of ribs 1-9

Question 41

Serratus anterior: | Distal Attachment

Answer 41

-anterior surface of medial border of scapula

Question 42

Serratus anterior: | Actions (3)

Answer 42

protracts scapula, rotates scapula, holds scapula against thorax

Question 43

Serratus anterior: | Innervation

Answer 43

- long thoracic nerve

Question 44

Clinical Correlation: Medial Winging of Scapula (3)

Answer 44

* Damage to long thoracic nerve * Serratus anterior affected * Medial border of scapula protrudes

Question 45

Subclavius (does not move limb – stabilizes ---)

Answer 45

clavicle

Question 46

Subclavius: | Proximal Attachment

Answer 46

-junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage

Question 47

Subclavius: | Distal Attachment

Answer 47

inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle

Question 48

Subclavius: | Actions

Answer 48

anchors and depresses clavicle

Question 49

Subclavius: | Innervation

Answer 49

“nerve to subclavius”