The Union Divied: The Civil War

Question 0

Emancipation Proclamation

Answer 0

Proclamation that freed slaves in the south were controlled by the Union army
Executive decision by Lincoln
Committed the north to abolition
Gave Northerners a reason to continue fighting
Increased support of free blacks (ex. 54th MA Infantry)
Gave the Union English support

Question 1

First Battle of Bull Run

Answer 1

early Civil War engagement ending in defeat of the Union army
Attempt to quickly attack the Confederacy’s capital at Richmond (Lincoln’s idea)
Made northerners realize that the Confederacy would not be easily defeated

Question 2

Battle of Gettysburg

Answer 2

The bloodiest battle
Southern defeat was the beginning of the end to the Confederacy
Union army was led by Gen. George Meade

Question 3

Appomattox

Answer 3

VA courthouse where Gen. Lee surrendered Confederate forces

4-9-65

Question 4

Robert E. Lee

Answer 4

Leader if the Confederate army
Mexican War veteran
Superior to the Union’s Winfield Scott

Question 5

Fort Sumter

Answer 5

Fort South Carolinians wanted the Union to surrender in the Charleston Harbor
South Carolinians fired on Buchanan’s unarmed merchant ship (not navy)
Start of Civil War (Lincoln said he would do anything to preserve the Union)

Question 6

The Crittenden Plan

Answer 6

• KY’s John Crittenden’s attempt to create a compromise between North and South after incident at Ft. Sumter
• proposed that the government guarantee slavery wherever it already existed
• extended MO Compromise (36’ 30) to the Pac
• rejected by republican congress because it contradicted the “free soil” plan which Lincoln was elected on

Question 7

Four Upper South states that didn’t secede

Answer 7

KY
MO
MD
DE

Question 8

Foreign affairs in the Confederacy

Answer 8

Thought that France and Britain would come to their aid- economically destroy the north- didn’t happen because the two nations opposed the slave system

Overestimated Britain’s dependency on southern cotton because when they threatened to cut off trade, Europe turned to India for cotton

Question 9

Anaconda plan

Answer 9

Winfield Scott’s response to the loss at the 1BBR
Issued a blockade on southern ports (crucial move as the war progressed)
Also planned to control the Mississippi River (accomplished by Grant at the Battle of Vicksburg)
Forced the Confederacy to start printing their own money without a stable backing

Question 10

Union victories/strategies

Answer 10

Won 2BBR
Gen. George McClellan (wanted to attack Confederacy from the west)
Gen. Grant led victories in TN

Question 11

Battle of Shiloh

Answer 11

Bloodies battle in American history at the time
Inconclusive
McClellan developed a reputation of hesitancy (even though it was necessary for that situation)

Question 12

Merrimack

Answer 12

Confederate’s ironclad ship
Released shortly after the Union released theirs (The Monitor)
Attempt to out smart the Union blockade
Went to battle with the Monitor but neither ship did much damage to the other

Question 13

Problem with states’ rights

Answer 13

The Confederacy attempted to est. conscription laws for the desperately needed man power for the army but this idea led to fervent rejection

Question 14

Union draft

Answer 14

Men 20-45 (like the confederacy)
Dodged by the rich by hiring substitutes or paying a 300$ fee
Since poorer families, specifically the Irish, couldn’t afford to avoid draft so riots broke out

Question 15

Greenbacks

Answer 15

Additional currency printed by the Union that was NOT backed by gold
Invalid after the war

Question 16

Martial Law

Answer 16

Executive order in parts of KY because of the large amount of Copperheads (northern democrats who opposed the war)
Caused trial-less imprisonments and even led to the deportation of copperheads from the north
Coincided with Lincoln’s suspension of habeas corpus

Question 17

Sherman’s March to the Sea

Answer 17

Union commanders scorched earth method to attack the south and destroy railways all the way to Atlanta
His victory guaranteed Lincoln’s victory against democrat, McClellan in 1864