The Establishments Of New Political Systems Flashcards
New Jersey Plan
Small State Plan
Plan proposing one legislative (unicameral) body for the country, with each state having one vote
Still favored a stronger central govt like Madison
Virginia Plan
The Large State Plan
During debate over the Constitution, it was the plan proposing a bicameral legislature with representative determined by proportional representation
Bicameral legislature
Proposed by Edmund Randolph and guided by James Madison (who wanted the govt divided into 3 branches: executive, judicial, and legislative)
The Great Compromise
CT plan that stated that me house of the Congress would be based on population (the House of Representatives) while in the other house all states would have equal representation (Senate)
Electoral College
Procedure for electing the president and vp of the US as outlines in the constitution
Electors from each state, not the popular vote, ultimately elect the president
3/5th Compromise
Plan (as the Constitution was being created) that states slaves would be counted as 3/5th of a free person
This was used to determine eventual membership of the House of Representatives
Implemented the use of federal troops that decreased slave revolts
Federalists
Party in the first years of the republic that favored a larger national govt
Was supported by commercial interests
Opposed by Jeffersonians (who wanted a smaller national govt)
Alien and Sedition Acts
Proposed by President John Adams
Gave president power to expel “dangerous” aliens and outlawed “scandalous” publication against the govt
Idea passed with Bill of Rights
- caused by support to aid French Revolution
- decreased Adam’s support as he ran against Thomas Jefferson
Anti-Federalists
Sometimes equated the potential tyranny of a strong central govt to the tyranny under George III
Required a Bill of Rights to protect individual rights
Washington almost never…..
Made legislative proposals
Believed it was his job to administer laws, not make them
Bill of Rights
Originally written by James Madison
Supported by Anti Federalists
Guaranteed freedom of speech, worship, bear arms
Forbade quartering troops in private homes
Said warrants were requires before searches
Citizens could not be forced to testify against themselves
Guaranteed a trial by jury
Forbade cruel and unusual punishments
Alexander Hamilton
Washington’s Secretary of Treasury
Wanted t turn America’s agrarian economy to a manufacturing based system like England
Advocate of mercantilist policies
*believed in a strong national govt with a broad constitution (Federalist)
Thomas Jefferson
Declaration of Independence
Anti federalist/ Republicans (most popular in west and south)
Supported by James Madison (opposed by Alexander Hamilton)
Wanted america to remain agrarian and have industrialism as its sidekick with laissez-faire economic principles
Supported free trade (over mercantilism) in which prices were kept low
Influenced by the French Revolution, emphasizing the importance of STATES’ power
Favored strict interpretation on the Constitution
Report of Republic Credit
By Hamilton
Proposed that the US had the obligation to redeem in full all notes that had been issued by the govt est. by the AOC
* proposed a national bank that oils provide loans to developing industries
Wanted to pay off his proposals through higher tariffs and foreign imports
Opposed philosophically and practically by Jefferson and Madison but most of his ideas, besides industrial growth, were passed
* provided credit system and govt revenue
Declaration of Neitrality
Issued by Washington soon after the outbreak of the French Revolution
Allowed american merchants to prosper by trading with both sides
Most Americans sided with the revolutionaries (mostly anti federalists) until they were appalled by its violence
Whiskey Rebellion
Started by PN farmers who were inspired by the French Revolution
Opposed Hamilton’s tax on alcohol (a tax that was in fact necessary because the govt desperately needed money)
Washington gathered an army to put it out but by the time they arrived in PN, the revolt was over