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APUSH > Ch 41 The Resurgance Of Conservationism > Flashcards

Ch 41 The Resurgance Of Conservationism Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
0
Q

Reagan’s campaign

A

New Right
Similar to his hero FDR, but he rejected government interventionism
Aimed to win votes from white democrats saying that the Democratic Party had become exclusive to minorities

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1
Q

The New Right

A

Less agitated about the economy
Cultural conservationist
Anti-feminism/abortion/homosexuality/pornography/affirmative action
Aka “movement conservatives” like those of the ’60s except for religion
Practiced “identity politics” as Christian/pro-life voters
Mimics New Left tactics with civil disobedience
Not shaken by the disgrace of the private lives of religious right leaders
BIRTH CONTROL WAS NOT A PRIMARY ISSUE

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2
Q

Neoconservatives

A

Thinks who influences Reagan
Norman Podhoretz: editor of the Commentary magazine
Irving Kristol: editor of Public Interest
Pro free market capitalism
Anti-Soviet
Questioned welfare programs and affirmative action
Reassertion traditional values

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3
Q

Democratic Party in the Election 1980

A

Split Carter vs. Edward Kennedy
ABC division (Anything But Carter) because of his poor management and double digit inflation
Edward Kennedy lost popularity over controversy involving his young female assistant drowning in his car

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4
Q

John Anderson

A

Ran independently in 1980
7% popular not
No electoral votes

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5
Q

James Watt

A

Suspicious member of Reagan’s cabinet of the “best and brightest”
Product of the “Sagebrush Rebellion”- a fiercely anti-Washington movement
Accused of hampering environmentalism by exploiting oil in CA
Made one mistake too many when he made a racist joke and had to resign

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6
Q

CA tax revolt

A

Aka Proposition 13

Showed advocation of Reagan’s tax cuts

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7
Q

Boll weevils

A

Southern, conservative democrats who votes for Reagan

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8
Q

Supply side economics

A 
"Reaganomics" 
Ideological
Increased unemployment
Made businesses fold
Caused bank failures 
The automobile industry suffered because the increased  value of the American dollar made foreign cars cheaper 
The poor became poorer
The rich became richer
The middle class stagnated 
*created a "revenue hole" due to low taxes plus large military spending = $2trillion and debt was financed by foreign nations like Japan
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9
Q

Yuppies

A

Young, urban professionals

Increased consumerism

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10
Q

Jimmy Carter

A 
Peanut farmer turned president
Religious
Hostage crisis (released during Reagan's inauguration)
Camp David Accords- Israel and Egypt
No response to inflation
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11
Q

Window of vulernability

A

Reagan’s excuse for large military expenditures for the arms race against the USSR
Made deficits top at $100billion in 1982

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12
Q

Reagan’s strategies for negotiating with the USSR

A

Being in a position of immense strength
Expanding the military (ex. SDI- shooting down nukes from space)
Gambling: the US could theoretically handle the expenses but the USSR could not handle it at all

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13
Q

Probs with the USSR during the Reagan administration

A
  1. US grain embargo vs. Poland and the USSR because of the martial law implements by Poland and the USSR because of the unionization of the polish Solidarity group (never taken too seriously because it would’ve economically damaged American farmers)
  2. USSR took down a passenger airline killing many Americans
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14
Q

Lebanon

A
  • Israel invaded Lebanon to suppress guerrillas attacking Palestinians
  • Palestinians were bloodily subdued but Lebanon was put into chaos
  • Reagan felt obligated to send military to Lebanon
  • a suicide bomber attacked the US Marines in Lebanon
  • Reagan withdrew the remaining troops without losing any popularity
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15
Q

Iran-Contra Affair

A
  • Background: Carter tried to involve influence in the Nicaraguan revolution led by Sardinistas to overthrow their dictator and tried to establish good relations
  • Reagan condemned the Sardinistas as commies (similar to the domino theory because they tried to start a coup in El Salvador)
  • Reagan est. a pro-US government in El Salvador and killed Marxists in Grenada
  • US began selling weapons to the Iranians so they’d release their American hostages (one was eventually set free) AND used the Iranian money to send military aid to Nicaragua
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16
Q

Election of 1984

A

Reagan easily won because of the good economy and power over foreign affairs
Vs. democrat: Walter Mondale and VP Geraldine Ferraro
Mondale was discredited because he was Carter’s VP
*dominated by foreign affairs

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17
Q

Mikhail Gorbachev

A

Chairman of the USSR

Personable, energetic, imaginative, and committed to radical reforms

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18
Q

Glastnost

A

Gorbachev’s attempt to est. “Openness”
Aimed to end secretive, repressive stiffness of the soviet society
Intro free speech and political liberty
Required the USSR to shrink its military

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19
Q

Perestroika

A

By Gorbachev for “restructuring”
Intended to revive USSR’s economy with free market practice
Required the USSR to shrink its military

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20
Q

Summit conferences between Gorbachev and Reagan

A

1- Geneva
2- Iceland = stalemate
3- Washington, D.C. =INF treaty banning nukes from Europe (win for US foreign policy and Gorbachev’s reforms)
4- Moscow = Reagan’s praise for Gorbachev

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21
Q

2 foreign policy problems seemingly insoluble to Reagan

A
  1. Continuing captivity of American hostages in Lebanon
  2. Continuing grip of power of the left wing Sardinista government in Nicaragua
    - Congress refused to send military to Nicaragua
    - some officials thought the two problems were interconnected (unknown to public)
    = Iran-Contra Affair
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22
Q

Moral Majority

A

Est. by Jerry Falwell a televangelist
Anti- sexual permissiveness/abortion/feminism/gay rights
Collected millions of dollars

23
Q

Sandra Day O’Connor

A

First female Supreme Court justice

One of the conservative justices appointed by Reagan

24
Q

Wards Cove Packing v. Antonia

Martin v. Wilks

A

Supreme Court decision that disproved discrimination if employers preferred white male workers
Anti-affirmative action

25
Q

Webster v. Reproductive Health Services

A

Did not overturn Roe v. Wade BUT it seriously compromised the protection of abortion rights
Approved the MO law to restrict abortions
Reiterated with Planned Parenthood v. Casey

26
Q

Black Monday

A

October 19, 1987

Stock market fell 508 points (largest one day decline in history)

27
Q

Seven Dwarfs

A

Name of pack of democrats that pushed for the 1988 presidency BUT the nominee, Gary Hart, had to drop out over sexual misconduct
Officially nominated Michael Dukakis

28
Q

Jesse Jackson

A

Black presidential nominee in 1988

Hoped to forge a “rainbow coalition” of minorities and the disadvantaged

29
Q

George Bush

A 
Republican nominee in 1988
Ran Reagan's tax cuts 
Opposed abortion
Toughness toward crime 
Pro economic expansion 
Profited from oil industry
Worked for congress, CIA, and UN
Advocated a "kinder and gentler America"
30
Q

Boris Yeltsin

A

President of the Russian Republic (one of the several republics that made up the USSR)
Pro Old Guard communism
Tried to overthrow Gorbachev and even though he failed, Gorbachev had to resign since he became a leader without and country and Yeltsin took over the new CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States)
But communism quickly withered away along with the Cold War

31
Q

START II

A

Act signed by Bush and Yeltsin to reduce long range nukes by 2/3 within 10 years

32
Q

Ethnic cleansing

A

Tactic by Russia to suppress Chechnyan minority in the Russian Caucasus
Consumed Yugoslavia
Increased weakness and fear of east Europe

33
Q

Manuel Noriega

A

Panamanian dictator that Bush sent troops to overthrow

34
Q

Iraqi invasion of Kuwait

A

Led by Saddam Hussein
Motivated by oil to pay off debts from war with Iran
= US and UN intervention = Persian Gulf War (ironic because the US aided their efforts to fight communism)

35
Q

Bush’s board of Education

A

Opp. Affirmative action

36
Q

Clarence Thomas

A

African American Supreme Court justice appointed by Bush
Conservative: anti-affirmative action but eventually criticized Bush’s strict views on abortion
Involved in scandal over Anita Hill’s accusations of sexual harassment
Never convicted
Pro civil rights
Made republicans lose electoral appeal

37
Q

Bush’s downfall

A

The economy
Increasing unemployment (especially in CA)
Uncontrollable inflation made him take back his 1988 promise of “no new taxes”

38
Q

Bush “scandal”

A

Bad checks written by HOR members
Didn’t involve tax payers’ money but increased talk of limiting terms of politicians
Bush could not win a reelection

39
Q

The “New” Democrat

A

Clinton’s platform in 1992
Avoided traditional antibusiness, underdog reputation (because of McGovern’s embarrassing loss)
Pro- growth, strong defense, and anticrime
Promised to provide Medicare for 37million Americans (failed)

40
Q

H. Ross Perot

A 
Independent party candidate in 1992
Biggest third party candidate since Teddy's Bull Moose Campaign
Won 20% vote 
No electoral votes
Texas billionaire 
Never held a public office
41
Q

Carol Moseley-Brauun

A

First African American woman in senate

42
Q

Don’t ask don’t tell

A

Clinton’s compromise to ban discrimination against gays in the army
First blow to his presidential career

43
Q

Clinton’s Deficit reduction

A

Brought deficit to lowest levels in 10yrs

44
Q

Brady Bill

A

Clinton’s gun control law

Named after James Brady who had been handicapped by an assassin trying to kill Reagan

45
Q

Newt Gingrich

A

Republican
Promoted a “Contract With America” to assault budget deficits and radical reductions in social welfare
Drowned by rest of the right wing
Became Speaker of the HOR
Anti-welfare programs
Took it too far with the suggestion that welfare children should be sent to orphanages so the HOR had to shut down for a few days

46
Q

Unfunded mandates

A

Long term success by HOR republicans during Clinton’s administration
Forbade the fed government to make more obligations on state and local govt.s without providing a source of revenue

47
Q

Election of 1996

A

Republican Robert Dole (listless WWII veteran) vs. Clinton
Clinton was elevated by a health economics and conservative wind so he easily won (the second democratic president since FDR to be reelected)

48
Q

Clinton’s tactic for his second term

A

Balance federal budget☑
Middle ground issues because he was overwhelming opposed by the republican office (ex. Began to embrace the Welfare Reform Bill that decreased social welfare)
Wanted to mend, not end affirmative action, prohibiting it for higher edu. Ex. Hopwood vs. Texas (only criticized republican audacity, didn’t reverse it)

49
Q

2 accounts Clinton was impeached on

A
  1. Perjury
  2. Obstruction of justice
    Prosecution led by Henry Hyde
    Most Americans didn’t think he deserved impeachment after Kenneth Starr had been personally chasing him down since the Whitewater scandal
50
Q

Democrats complained that Carter had….

A

Removed regulatory controls from major industries

51
Q

Clinton’s primary political legacy

A

Consolidation of the Reagan-Bush revolution by encouraging reduced expectations government

52
Q

Unusual issue of the election of 2000

A

How to spend the huge federal budget surpluses

53
Q

GWB’s “axis of evil”

A

Iran
Iraq
Libya

54
Q

Who pushed most strongly for an invasion of iraq

A

GWB’s neoconservatives

VP Cheney

APUSH (23 decks)

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