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The thigh anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What action do the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh mostly act to do?

A

Leg extension at the knee.

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2
Q

What is the innervation of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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3
Q

What is the arterial supply of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Femoral artery

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4
Q

What is the function of the iliopsoas muscle?

A

Thigh flexion at hip.

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5
Q

What is the innervation of the poses major?

A

Anterior rami of L1-L3

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6
Q

What is the innervation of the iliacus?

A

Femoral nerve

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7
Q

What 4 muscles does the quadriceps femoris consist of?

A

The 3 vastus muscles + rectus femoris.

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8
Q

What is the function of vastus lateralis?

A

Leg extension at the knee

(also stabilises patella)

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9
Q

What is the innervation of vastus lateralis?

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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10
Q

What is the function of vastus intermedius?

A

Extension of leg at knee

(also stabilises patella)

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11
Q

What is the innervation of vastus intermedius?

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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12
Q

What is the function of vastus medalis?

A

Extension of leg at knee

(also stabilises patella)

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13
Q

What is the innervation of vastus medalis?

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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14
Q

What is the function of rectus femoris?

A

Extension of leg at knee
Flexion of thigh at hip

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15
Q

What is the innervation of rectus femoris?

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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16
Q

What is the function of sartorius at the hip joint?

A

Thigh flexion, abduction and lateral rotation.

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17
Q

What is the function of sartorius at the knee joint?

A

Leg flexion

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18
Q

What is the innervation of sartorius?

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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19
Q

Which muscles make up the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Iliopsoas
3 vastus muscles + rectus femoris (quadriceps femoris)
Sartorius
Pectineus

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20
Q

What is the function of pectineus?

A

Hip adduction and flexion

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21
Q

What is the innervation of pectineus?

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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22
Q

Where do the cutaneous arteries of the anterior thigh arise from?

A

Femoral artery

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23
Q

Where are the superficial inguinal nodes located?

A

In a line directly below the inguinal ligament.

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24
Q

Which areas do the superficial inguinal nodes drain?

A

Penis
Scrotum
Perineum
Buttocks
Abdominal wall

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25
Where are the deep inguinal nodes located?
On the medial aspect of the femoral vein.
26
Which areas are drained by the deep inguinal nodes?
Deep lymphatic trunks of the thigh
27
Where are the superficial sub-inguinal nodes located?
On each side of the proximal section of the great saphenous vein.
28
Which areas are drained by the superficial sub-inguinal nodes?
Superficial lymphatic vessels of the lower leg.
29
Which veins form the great saphenous vein?
Dorsal venous arches of the foot + dorsal vein of great toe.
30
Which side of the leg does the great saphenous vein ascend up?
Medial side
31
Where does the great saphenous vein pass in relation to the medial malleolus?
Passes anteriorly to medial malleolus
32
Where does the great saphenous vein pass in relation to the medial condyle of the knee?
Passes posteriorly to the medial condyle of the knee
33
Where does the great saphenous vein terminate?
Immediately inferior to the inguinal ligament.
34
Where does the great saphenous vein drain into?
Femoral vein (within the femoral triangle)
35
Which structures are contained within the femoral sheath?
Femoral artery Femoral vein Femoral canal
36
What is the femoral sheath?
A fascial compartment
37
What is the femoral sheath a continuation of?
Extraperitoneal fascia
38
What are the contents of the femoral triangle from lateral to medial?
Femoral nerve Femoral artery Femoral vein Femoral canal
39
Where can the femoral artery be palpated?
At the mid-inguinal point (half way between ASIS and pubic symphysis)
40
Muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh are known as what?
Hip adductors.
41
Name the muscles which make up the medial compartment of the thigh.
Gracilis Obturator externus Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor Magnus
42
What is the innervation of the medial thigh muscles?
Obturator nerve
43
What is the arterial supply of the medial thigh muscles?
Obturator artery
44
What are the 2 components of the adductor Magnus?
Hamstring Adductor
45
What is the function of the hamstring portion of the adductor Magnus?
Thigh adduction + thigh extension
46
What is the function of the adductor portion of the adductor Magnus?
Thigh adduction + thigh flexion
47
What is the innervation of the hamstring portion of the adductor Magnus?
Tibial component of sciatic nerve (L4-S3)
48
What is the innervation of the adductor portion of the adductor Magnus?
Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
49
What is the function of the adductor longus?
Thigh adduction
50
What is the innervation of the adductor longus?
Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
51
What is the function of the adductor brevis?
Thigh adduction
52
What is the innervation of the adductor brevis?
Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
53
What is the function of the obturator externus?
Thigh adduction + thigh lateral rotation
54
What is the innervation of the obturator externus?
Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
55
What is the function of the gracilis?
Thigh adduction at hip Leg flexion at knee
56
What is the innervation of the gracilis?
Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
57
What is the test which checks integrity of adductor longus, brevis and Magnus?
Adductor squeeze test.
58
When is the adductor squeeze test positive?
If the patient complains of pain in the adductor muscles or bone pain at the anterior and medial pelvic ring.
59
What are muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh known as?
The hamstrings
60
What are the muscles present in the posterior compartment of the thigh?
Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus
61
What is the combined action of the hamstrings?
Hip extension Knee flexion
62
What is the innervation of muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh?
Sciatic nerve (L4-S3)
63
What is the function of the biceps femoris?
Knee flexion (mainly) Also hip extension + hip and knee lateral rotation
64
What is the innervation of the biceps femoris?
Long head = tibial part of sciatic nerve Short head = common fibular part of sciatic nerve
65
What is the function of the semitendinosus?
Knee flexion (mainly) Also hip extension + hip and knee lateral rotation
66
What is the innervation of the semitendinosus?
Tibial part of sciatic nerve
67
What is the function of the semimembranosus?
Knee flexion (mainly) Hip extension Knee + hip medial rotation
68
What is the innervation if the semimembranosus?
Tibial part of sciatic nerve
69
What is the femoral canal?
An anatomical compartment located in the anterior thigh.
70
Where is the opening of the femoral canal?
At it's superior border (the femoral ring)
71
What are the contents of the femoral canal?
Lymphatic vessels (draining deep inguinal nodes) Deep lymph node (lacunar node) Empty space Loose connective tissue
72
What is the purpose of the empty space within the femoral canal?
Empty space allows for distension of the femoral vein so it can cope with increased venous return, or increased intra-abdominal pressure

MRCEM Primary (39 decks)

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