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MRCEM Primary > Reproductive anatomy - female > Flashcards

Reproductive anatomy - female Flashcards

1
Q

Which organs is the uterus situated between?

A

Bladder and rectum

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2
Q

What is the uterus connected distally to?

A

Vagina

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3
Q

What is the uterus connected laterally to?

A

Fallopian tubes

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4
Q

In what position does the uterus normally lie?

A

Anteverted

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5
Q

What are the 3 parts of the uterus?

A

Fundus
Body
Cervix

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6
Q

In which part of the uterus does a blastocyst usually implant?

A

Body

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7
Q

What is the primary support structure for the uterus?

A

Tone of the pelvic floor

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8
Q

Which 5 ligaments also contribute to supporting the uterus?

A

Broad
Round
Ovarian
Cardinal
Uterosacral

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9
Q

What are the 2 anterior relations of the uterus?

A

Bladder
Vesico-uterine pouch

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10
Q

What are the 2 posterior relations of the uterus?

A

Rectum
Pouch of douglas

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11
Q

What are the 2 lateral relations of the uterus?

A

Broad ligament
Uterine artery + vein

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12
Q

What is the inferior relation of the uterus?

A

Vagina

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13
Q

What is the arterial supply to the uterus?

A

Uterine arteries

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14
Q

Where do the uterine arteries arise from?

A

Anterior division of the internal iliac artery

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15
Q

What do the uterine arteries commonly anastomose with?

A

Ovarian arteries

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16
Q

What is the venous drainage of the uterus?

A

A plexus in the broad ligament that drains into the uterine veins

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17
Q

Which nodes drain the fundus of the uterus?

A

Lumbar (lateral aortic)

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18
Q

Which nodes drain the body of the uterus?

A

Superficial inguinal

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19
Q

Which nodes drain the cervix?

A

Internal iliac
Sacral

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20
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the uterus?

A

Uterovaginal plexus (inferior hypogastric plexus)

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21
Q

What is the parasympathetic innervation of the uterus?

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerves

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22
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the uterus?

A

Inferior hypogastric plexus

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23
Q

Where does the inferior hypogastric plexus enter the spinal cord for sensory innervation of the uterus?

A

T10-L1

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24
Q

Where are the Fallopian tubes situated?

A

Between the uterus and ovaries

25
Q

What is the main function of the Fallopian tubes?

A

Transport of ovum to uterus

26
Q

How long are the Fallopian tubes?

A

10cm

27
Q

What are the 4 parts of the Fallopian tubes?

A

Infundibulum
Ampulla
Isthmus
Uterine part

28
Q

Through what does the infundibulum open into the peritoneal cavity?

A

Abdominal ostium

29
Q

What is the abdominal osmium surrounded by?

A

Fimbriae

30
Q

What is the arterial supply to the Fallopian tubes?

A

Uterine + ovarian arteries

31
Q

What is the venous drainage of the fallopian tubes?

A

Uterine and ovarian veins?

32
Q

Where do the fallopian tubes receive sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation from?

A

Ovarian and pelvic (uterine) plexuses

33
Q

Which spinal levels do the sensory afferents for the Fallopian tubes run between?

A

T11-L1

34
Q

Where is the commonest site for ectopic pregnancies to implant?

A

Ampulla of fallopian tubes

35
Q

What are the ovaries attached to?

A

The posterior surface if the broad ligament

36
Q

How are the ovaries attached to the posterior surface of the broad ligament?

A

By the mesovarium

37
Q

What are the 2 main functions of the ovaries?

A

Production + release of oocytes
Production of sex hormones

38
Q

What are the 3 components of the ovaries?

A

Surface
Cortex
Medulla

39
Q

What cells form the surface layer of the ovaries?

A

Simple cuboidal cells

40
Q

Which tissue forms the cortex of the ovaries?

A

Connective tissue stroma

41
Q

What is the medulla of the ovary?

A

Inner part of the ovary containing supporting storm and a rich neuromuscular network

42
Q

What is the arterial supply to the ovaries?

A

Ovarian arteries

43
Q

The ovarian arteries are direct branches of what?

A

Abdominal aorta

44
Q

What is the venous drainage of the ovaries?

A

Ovarian arteries

45
Q

Where does the left ovarian vein drain into?

A

Left renal vein

46
Q

Where does the right ovarian vein drain into?

A

IVC

47
Q

Which nodes drain the ovaries?

A

Para-aortic nodes (+iliac nodes)

48
Q

Where do the ovarian vessels and nerves run through?

A

Suspensory ligament of the ovary

49
Q

Where is ovarian sympathetic supply from?

A

Ovarian plexus

50
Q

Where is ovarian parasympathetic supply from?

A

Uterovaginal plexus

51
Q

Where do afferent sensory fibres of the ovaries enter the spinal cord?

A

T10 nerve

52
Q

How long is the vagina?

A

9cm

53
Q

Where does the vagina extend between?

A

Vulva and cervix

54
Q

What are the 3 functions of the vagina?

A

Intercourse
Delivery channel during birth
Channel for menstrual fluid and tissue to exit the body

55
Q

What are the 2 anterior relations of the vagina?

A

Bladder
UrethraW

56
Q

What are the 4 posterior relations of the vagina?

A

Ampulla of rectum
Anal canal
Pouch of Douglas
Perineal body

57
Q

What are the 4 lateral relations of the vagina?

A

Ureter
Uterine artery
Levator ani
Urogenital diaphragm

58
Q
A

MRCEM Primary (39 decks)

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