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MRCEM Primary > The leg anatomy > Flashcards

The leg anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Foot dorsiflexion
Foot inversion

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2
Q

What is the collective innervation of muscles in the anterior compartment the leg?

A

Deep fibular nerve (L4-S1)

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3
Q

Name the 4 muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg.

A

Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus
Fibularis tertius

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4
Q

What is the function of the tibialis anterior?

A

Foot dorsiflexion
Foot inversion

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5
Q

What is the innervation of tibialis anterior?

A

Deep fibular nerve

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6
Q

What is the function of the extensor digitorum longus?

A

Foot dorsiflexion
Lateral 4 toes extension

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7
Q

What is the innervation of extensor digitorum longus?

A

Deep fibular nerve.

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8
Q

What is the function of extensor hallucis longus?

A

Foot dorsiflexion
Great toe extension

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9
Q

What is the innervation of extensor hallucis longus?

A

Deep fibular nerve

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10
Q

What is the function of fibularis tertius (peroneus tertius)?

A

Foot dorsiflexion
Foot eversion

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11
Q

What is the innervation of fibularis tertius (peroneus tertius)?

A

Deep fibular nerve

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12
Q

Foot drop often occurs as a result of damage to which nerve?

A

Common fibular nerve (from which deep fibular nerve arises)

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13
Q

Name the 2 muscles present in the lateral compartment of the leg

A

Fibularis longus
Fibularis brevis

**AKA peroneus longus and peroneus brevis.

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14
Q

What is the function of muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Foot eversion

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15
Q

What is the innervation of muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Superficial fibular nerve

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16
Q

Where does fibularis attach to?

A

Medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal 1

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17
Q

What is the function of fibularis longus?

A

Foot eversion
Foot plantarflexion.

**Also supports lateral and transverse arches of the foot.

18
Q

What is the innervation of fibularis longus?

A

Superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve

19
Q

What is the function of fibularis brevis?

A

Foot eversion

20
Q

What is the innervation of fibularis brevis?

A

Superficial fibular nerve (Peroneal)

21
Q

What is the attachment site of fibularis brevis?

A

Tubercle of 5th metatarsal.

22
Q

Describe the arrangement of fibularis longus and brevis around the lateral malleolus.

A

Fibularis longus is more superficial and runs more laterally compared to the fibularis brevis.

23
Q

Which type of injury is most likely to affect fibularis longus and fibularis brevis?

A

Inversion injuries

24
Q

What is the collective action of muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Plantarflexion + inversion of the foot

25
Q

What is the innervation of muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibial nerve

26
Q

What is the main blood supply to the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Posterior tibial artery

27
Q

What are the 3 muscles in the superficial compartment of the posterior leg?

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris

28
Q

What are the 4 muscles in the deep compartment of the posterior leg?

A

Popliteus
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
Tibialis posterior

29
Q

What is the function of the gastrocnemius?

A

Foot plantarflexion
Knee flexion

30
Q

What is the innervation of the gastrocnemius?

A

Tibial nerve

31
Q

What is the function of the soleus?

A

Foot plantarflexion

32
Q

What is the innervation of the soleus?

A

Tibial nerve

33
Q

What is the function of the plantaris?

A

Contributes to plantarflexion of foot and flexion of knee.

34
Q

What is the innervation of the plantaris?

A

Tibial nerve.

35
Q

What is the function of the popliteus?

A

Lateral rotation of femur on tibia (‘unlocks’ the knee so flexion can occur)

36
Q

What is the innervation of the popliteus?

A

Tibial nerve

37
Q

What is the function of flexor digitorum longus?

A

Flexion of lateral 4 toes

38
Q

What is the innervation of flexor digitorum longus?

A

Tibial nerve

39
Q

What is the function of flexor hallucis longus?

A

Flexion of great toe

40
Q

What is the innervation of flexor hallucis longus?

A

Tibial nerve

41
Q

What is the function of tibialis posterior?

A

Foot plantarflexion and inversion.

**Also contributes to medial arch of the foot.

42
Q

What is the innervation of tibialis posterior?

A

Tibial nerve

MRCEM Primary (39 decks)

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