The spine general information

Question 1

Number of true vertebrae

Answer 1

24. 7C, 12T, 5L

Question 2

Number of false vertebrae

Answer 2

2. 5 fused S, 4 fused Co

Question 3

How many intervertebral discs are there and where do they start and end?

Answer 3

23. start between C2-C3 end between L5-S1

Question 4

How many spinal nerves

Answer 4

31 pairs. 8C, 12T, 5L, 5S, 1Co

Question 5

what is the function of the spine

Answer 5

protection, stabilization, support and weight bearing, motion, resiliency- shock absorption

Question 6

Kyphosis curves on the spine

Answer 6

thoracic, sacral

Question 7

lordotic curves of the spine

Answer 7

cervical, lumbar

Question 8

what is the thickness of cervical vertebral bodies?

Answer 8

bodies are of equal height Ant to post

Question 9

what is the thickness of the thoracic vertebra

Answer 9

bodies are thicker post that ant

Question 10

what is the thickness of the lumbar vertebra

Answer 10

L1 higher post
L2 equal
L3-L5 higher ant

Question 11

what is the thickness of the Intervertebral discs

Answer 11

Cervical – Thicker Ant
Thoracic – Equal thick
Lumber – Thicker Ant

Question 12

Joint types of spine

Answer 12

Zygapophyseal, fibrocartilaginous

Question 13

What planes are the articular surfaces of the lumbar and lumbosacral orientated

Answer 13

lumbar – sagittal

lumbosacral – 45*

Question 14

AROM in the spine

Answer 14

Flexion – 90
Extension – 30
Lateral Flexion – 30
Rotation – 30

Question 15

resting and closed packed position

Answer 15

resting – mid way between flexion and extension

closed – full extension

Question 16

coupled motions of the spine

Answer 16

C3-T5 ipsilateral (L. lateral flexion + L. rotation)

T6-L5 contralateral ( R. lateral flex + L. rotation)

Question 17

Abnormal end feels of the spine

Answer 17

Early myospasm - muscle/ ligament tear
Later myospasm - instability
Empty - ligament rupture
Hard - boney approximation

Question 18

Vertebral loads. lying face up

Answer 18

40% based on 100 being 70Kg

Question 19

vertebral loads, standing straight

Answer 19

100% based on 100 being 70Kg

Question 20

vertebral loads, sitting with good posture

Answer 20

140% based on 100 being 70Kg

Question 21

vertebral loads, standing w/ 20* flexion

Answer 21

150% based on 100 being 70Kg

Question 22

vertebral loads, sitting with poor posture

Answer 22

185% based on 100 being 70Kg

Question 23

vertebral loads, lifting 20KG with good posture

Answer 23

300% based on 100 being 70Kg

Question 24

vertebral loads, lifting 20KG with poor posture

Answer 24

485% based on 100 being 70Kg

Question 25

Normal end feels for the spine

Answer 25

all ROM end feels for spine are tissue stretch

Question 26

coupled motions of the Lumbosacral

Answer 26

L/S flexion is coupled w/sacral counter nutation (posterior sacral tilting/ extension)

L/S extension is coupled with sacral nutation (anterior sacral tilting/ “nod”)

Question 27

when does the adult spinal cord end and what is it called

Answer 27

L1 - L2, Cauda Equina

Question 28

what is another name for the kyphotic curve

Answer 28

Primary or accommodating

Question 29

what is another name for the lordotic curves of the spine

Answer 29

secondary or compensatory

Question 30

what are the 5 lumbar ligaments of the spine

Answer 30

Anterior longitudinal ligament
posterior longitudinal lig
supraspinous lig
interspinous lig
ligamentum flavum