Muscle of the neck and back Flashcards
1
Q
A
Trapezius
- O: Upper: EOP, medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line, nuchal ligament
- Middle: spinous process of C7 - T5
- Lower: SPs T5 - T12
- I: lateral 1/3 of the clavical, acromion process & spine of the scapula
- A:Elevation & retraction (adduction) of scapula, upward rotation of scapula;
- unilateral lateral flexion of head
- bilateral extention of head
Stabilization of scapula for arm movements
- Spinal Accessory (CN XI) Ventral rami of C2- C4
2
Q
A
Levator Scapulae
- O: TP’s of C1 - C4
- I: medial border of the scapula (superior part)
- A: elevation of scapula; extension & lateral flexion of neck
- N: Dorsal scapular nerve (C3, C4, C5)
3
Q
A
Splenius Capitis
- O: SPs of C3 - T4 & nuchal ligament (lower portion)
- I: mastoid process of the temporal bone, occipital bone (superior nuchal line)
- A: unilateral: ipsilateral rotation & lateral flexion of head & neck
- Bilateral: extention of head & neck
- N: Cervical spinal nerves (dorsal rami)
4
Q
A
Splenius Cervicis
- O: Sp’s of T3 - T6
- I: Posterior tubercles of TP’s of C1- C3
- A: unilateral: ipsilateral rotaion & lateral flexion of neck
- Bilateral: extention of neck
- N: Cervical spinal nerves (dorsal rami)
5
Q
A
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
- O: Spinous process (SP) of axis (C2)
- I: Lateral portion of inferior nuchal line
- A: extension, ipsilateral rotation & lateral flexion of head
- N: Suboccipital nerve (dorsal rami of C1)
No muscle test
6
Q
A
Rectus Capitis Posterior minor
- O: posterior tubercle of C1 (atlas)
- I: Medial portion of inferior nuchal line
- A: extension & ipsilateral lateral flexion of head
- N: suboccipital nerve (dorsal rami of C1)
No muscle test
7
Q
A
Obliquus Capitis Superior
- O: Superior surface of transverse process (TP) of C1 (atlas)
- I: below inferior nuchal line on occipital bone
- A: extension ipsilateral rotation & lateral flexion of head
- N: suboccipital nerve (dorsal rami of C1)
No muscle test
8
Q
A
Obliquus Capitis Inferior
- O: apex of spinous process (SP) ofC2 (axis)
- I: inferoposterior part of transverse process (TP) of atlas (C1)
- A: extension & ipsilateral rotaion of head
- N: suboccipital nerve (dorsal rami of C1)
No muscle test
9
Q
A
Sternocleidomastoid
- O: Sternal head: manubrium of sternum
- Clavicular head: medial 1/3 of clavicle
- I: mastoid process of temporal bone
- A: rotation of head to contralateral side, lateral flexion to ipsilateral side
- Bilateral action: neck flexion & capital (C0-C1) extension
- N: Motor: spinal accessory nerve (CN IX)
- Sensory: ventral rami of C2, C3
10
Q
A
Longus Capitus
- O: anterior tubercles of TP’s of C3-C5
- I: occipital bone (basilar portion - anterior to foramen magnum)
- A: flxion of head & neck; lateral flexion of head and neck
- N: cervical spinal nerves (ventral rami C1-C3)
11
Q
A
Longus Colli
- O: Lower anterior vertebral bodies & TP’s of C3-T3
- I: anterior vertebral bodies & TPs C1-C6
- A: flexion & LF of neck; rotation of neck (weak action)
- N: cervical spinal nerves (ventral rami C2-C6)
12
Q
A
Rectus Capitis Anterior
- O: root of transverse process; anterior surface of atlas (C1)
- I: occipital bone (basilar part anterior to foramen magnum)
- A: flexion of head
- N: cervical spinal nerves (ventral rami C1-C2)
NOTE: this muscle is too deep to be palpated
13
Q
A
Rectus Capitis Lateralis
- O: superior surface of TP of the atlas (C1)
- I: inferior surface of jugular process of occipital bone
- A: lateral flexion of head
- N: cervical spinal nerves (ventral rami C1-C2)
14
Q
A
Illiocostalis
- O: Cervicis: angle of ribs 3-6
- Thoracis: angles of ribs 7-12
- Lumborum: sacrum & illiac crest
- I: Cervicis:TP’s of C3-C6
- Thoracis: angle of ribs 1-8
- Lumborum: angle of ribs 7-12
- A: Bilateral extension of spine and neck, eccentric stabilization during trunk flexion
- Unilateral lateral flexion of spine
- N: Spinal nerve dorsal rami
15
Q
A
Longissimus
- O: Capitis: TP os C6-T3
- Cervicis: TP’s of T1-T5
- Thoracis: Sacrum & TPs of L1-L5
- I: Capitis: mastoid process
- Cervicis: TPs of C2-C6
- Thoracis: TPs T1-T12 & angle of ribs 1-12
- A: bilateral extension of spine and head, eccentric stabilization during trunk flexion
- unilateral lateral flexion of spine
- N: spinal nerve dorsal rami
16
Q
A
Spinalis
- O: Capitis: SP of C7-T2
- Cervicis: SPs of C6-C7
- Thoracis: SPs of T10-T12
- I: Capitis: occipital bone below superior nuchal line
- Cervicis: SPs of C2-C3
- Thoracis: SPs of T3-T8
- A: Bilateral extension of the head and spine, eccentric stabilization of spine during trunk flexion
- unilateral lateral flexion of spine
- N: spinal nerve dorsal rami
17
Q
A
Semispinalis
- O: Capitis: TP of C7-T6 and articular process of C4-C6
- Cervicis: TPs of T1-T5
- Thoracis: TPs of T6-T10
- I: Capitis: SP 5-6 segments above origin; occipital bone below superior nuchal line
- Cervicis:SP C2-C5
- Thoracis: SPs of C6-T4
- A: bilateral extension of head and neck
- unilateral eccentric stabilization from contrilateral side, maintains head posture
- N: spinal nerve dorsal rami
18
Q
A
Multifidi
- O: Cervicis: articular processes of C4-C7
- Thoracis: TPs of T1-T12
- Lumborum: mammillary processes of L1-L5 & sacrum
- I: SPs 3-4 segments above origin; SP’s of all vertebrae extending from L5-C2
- A: bilateral extension of trunk and neck
- unilateral rotate vertebral bodies to opposite side; control later
19
Q
A
Rotatores
- O: Cervicis: TP’s of C4-L5
- Thoracis: TPs of T1-T12
- I: SP’s (base) & lamina 1-2 segments above origin (brevis = segments above Longus = 2 segments above)
- A: bilateral extension, stabiliztion vertebrae & involved with propriception
- unilateral contralateral rotation
- N: spinal nerve dorsal rami
