General info about the lower leg and foot

Question 1

the distal tibiofibular joint is what type of joint?

Answer 1

Syndesmosis

Question 2

the distal tibiofibular joint is supported by these two ligaments

Answer 2

Posterior (inferior) tibiofibular ligament

Anterior (inferior) tibiofibular ligament

Question 3

what are the lateral ankle ligaments

Answer 3

Calcaneofibular ligament (CFL)
Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL)
posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL)

Question 4

what are the medial ankle ligaments

Answer 4

tibionavicular ligament
Anterior tibiotalar ligament
tibiocalcaneal ligament
posterior tibiotalar ligament

Question 5

what are the ligaments on the sole of the foot

Answer 5

long plantar
short plantar
spring (calcaneonavicular)

Question 6

what ligaments are usually injured during an inversion ankle sprain?

Answer 6

the lateral ankle ligaments

Question 7

what are the dorsal foot ligaments?

Answer 7

transverse metatarsal ligament
intertarsal ligaments
interphalangeal collateral ligaments

Question 8

all of the muscles in this compartment produce dorsiflexion… and are innervated by the deep peroneal nerve

Answer 8

anterior leg

Question 9

this leg compartment produces plantarflexion and eversion and is innervated by the superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve

Answer 9

lateral

Question 10

what is the rotation that occurs automatically between the tibia and femur called?

Answer 10

screw home mechanism

Question 11

the screw home mechanism occurs automatically between what angles

Answer 11

full extension 0* and 20* of flexion

Question 12

where is the tarsal tunnel located

Answer 12

along the inner leg behind the medial malleolus

Question 13

what are the contents of the tarsal tunnel

Answer 13

tibialis posterior tendon, flexor digitorum longus tendon, flexor hallucis longus tendon, posterior tibial vein, posterior tibial artery, tibial nerve

Question 14

what compartment of the leg produces plantar flexion and are innervated by the tibial nerve?

Answer 14

posterior compartment

Question 15

what muscles produce plantar flexion as their main actions

Answer 15

soleus, gastrocnemius, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, plantaris

Question 16

what muscles produce dorsiflexion as one of their main actions?

Answer 16

tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus

Question 17

what muscles produce inversion as their main actions

Answer 17

tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior

Question 18

what muscles produce eversion as one of their main actions

Answer 18

fibularis longus, brevis, and tertius

Question 19

what are the two important functions of the arches of the feet?

Answer 19

weight bearing, propulsion

Question 20

the foot has three distinct arches, what are they?

Answer 20

medial/ lateral longitudinal arches, transverse arch

Question 21

which arch of the foot is the most prominent?

Answer 21

medial longitudinal arch

Question 22

there are 4 levels to the foot arch what are they?

Answer 22

0-1 high arches, 2 neutral, 3 flat feet

Question 23

what is the difference between having structural or functional flat feet

Answer 23

structural is you always have flat feet but functional your feet appear to have an arch while non weight bearing

Question 24

the medial arch does what function while walking

Answer 24

it absorbs the majority of the shock impact

Question 25

the transverse arch provides what to the foot

Answer 25

support and flexibility