General info about the lower leg and foot Flashcards
the distal tibiofibular joint is what type of joint?
Syndesmosis
the distal tibiofibular joint is supported by these two ligaments
Posterior (inferior) tibiofibular ligament
Anterior (inferior) tibiofibular ligament
what are the lateral ankle ligaments
Calcaneofibular ligament (CFL)
Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL)
posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL)
what are the medial ankle ligaments
tibionavicular ligament
Anterior tibiotalar ligament
tibiocalcaneal ligament
posterior tibiotalar ligament
what are the ligaments on the sole of the foot
long plantar
short plantar
spring (calcaneonavicular)
what ligaments are usually injured during an inversion ankle sprain?
the lateral ankle ligaments
what are the dorsal foot ligaments?
transverse metatarsal ligament
intertarsal ligaments
interphalangeal collateral ligaments
all of the muscles in this compartment produce dorsiflexion… and are innervated by the deep peroneal nerve
anterior leg
this leg compartment produces plantarflexion and eversion and is innervated by the superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve
lateral
what is the rotation that occurs automatically between the tibia and femur called?
screw home mechanism
the screw home mechanism occurs automatically between what angles
full extension 0* and 20* of flexion
where is the tarsal tunnel located
along the inner leg behind the medial malleolus
what are the contents of the tarsal tunnel
tibialis posterior tendon, flexor digitorum longus tendon, flexor hallucis longus tendon, posterior tibial vein, posterior tibial artery, tibial nerve
what compartment of the leg produces plantar flexion and are innervated by the tibial nerve?
posterior compartment
what muscles produce plantar flexion as their main actions
soleus, gastrocnemius, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, plantaris
what muscles produce dorsiflexion as one of their main actions?
tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus
what muscles produce inversion as their main actions
tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior
what muscles produce eversion as one of their main actions
fibularis longus, brevis, and tertius
what are the two important functions of the arches of the feet?
weight bearing, propulsion
the foot has three distinct arches, what are they?
medial/ lateral longitudinal arches, transverse arch
which arch of the foot is the most prominent?
medial longitudinal arch
there are 4 levels to the foot arch what are they?
0-1 high arches, 2 neutral, 3 flat feet
what is the difference between having structural or functional flat feet
structural is you always have flat feet but functional your feet appear to have an arch while non weight bearing
the medial arch does what function while walking
it absorbs the majority of the shock impact
the transverse arch provides what to the foot
support and flexibility
