The Adductor muscles and the Hamstrings

Question 1

Answer 1

Pectineus

• O: pectineal line of pubis, superior ramus of the pubis
• I: pectineal line of femur (just below the lesser trochanter on poterior aspect)
• A: adduction and flexion of the hip
• N: Femoral nerve L2,L3 and/or Obturator nerve L2-L4

Question 2

Answer 2

Adductor Brevis

• O: body and inferior ramus of the pubis
• I: proximal 1/3 of the medial lip of the linea aspera
• A: adduction and flexion of the hip joint, lateral rotation of thigh
• N: obturator nerve L2-L4

Adductor Longus

• O: anterior surface of the pubis (inferior to pubic tubercle)
• I: middle 1/3 of the medial lip of linea aspera
• A: adduction and flexion of hip joint, lateral rotation of thigh
• N: obturator nerve L2-L4

Question 3

Answer 3

Gracilis

• O: body and inferior ramus of the pubis
• I: proximal anterior medial tibia (pes anserine)
• A: adduction and flexion of hip, flexion and medial rotation of the knee
• N: obturator nerve L2-L4

Question 4

Answer 4

Adductor magnus

• O: Anterior head: Ischiopubic ramus
  
  • Posterior head: ischial tuberosity
• I: Anterior head: linea aspera (gluteal tuberosity and medial supracondylar line)
  
  • ​Posterior head: Adductor tubercle of the femur (above the medial epicondyle)
• A: adduction and extension of hip (anterior head will laterally rotate thigh)
• N: Obturator nerve L2-L4 (anterior head) and Sciatic tibial division L4,L5 (posterior head)

Question 5

Answer 5

Semitendinosus

• O: ischial tuberosity
• I: proximal anterior medial tibia (pes anserine)
• A: flexes the knee joint, extends the hip joint, medial rotation of knee when the knee is flexed
• N: Sciatic nerve, tibial branch L5-S2

Question 6

Answer 6

Semimembranosus

• O:Tuberosity of the ischium
• I: medial condyle of the tibia (posterior medial aspect)
• A: flexes the knee joint, medially rotates the knee when knee is flexed, extends the hip joint
• N: Sciatic nerve, tibial branch L5-S2

Question 7

Answer 7

Biceps Femoris

• O: Long head: ischial tuberosity
  
  • ​Short head: lateral lip of the linea aspera
• I: lateral side of the head of the fibula (and lateral condyle of the tibia
• A: long and short heads: flex and laterally rotate the knee
  
  • long head: extends and assists in lateral rotation of the hip joint
• N: Sciatic nerve; long head = tibial branch L5-S3
  
  • short head = common peroneal (fibular) branch L5-S2

Question 8

Answer 8

Tensor Fascia Latae

• O: Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) and anterior part of iliac crest
• I: into the iliotibial tract below the greater trochanter
• A: flexes, medially rotates and abducts the hip joint, tenses the fascia lata, anterior pelic tilt
• N: superior gluteal nerve L4 - S1

Question 9

Answer 9

Sartorius

• O: Anterior superior iliac spine
• I: proximal Anteriomedial tibia (pes anserine)
• A: flexes, laterally rotates and abducts hip joint, flexes and assists in medial rotation of the knee joint
• N: femoral nerve L2, L3

Question 10

Answer 10

Tibialis Anterior

• O: anterior proximal tibia, crural fascia (lateral tibial condyle and proximal 2/3 of the anterolateral surface of tibia, interosseous membrane)
• I: medial cuneiform bone, bas of the first metatarsal bone (medial plantar surfaces)
• A: dorsiflexes the ankle joint, and inversion of the ankle
• N: Deep peroneal (fibular) nerve L4-S1

Question 11

Answer 11

Extensor digitorum longus

• O: lateral condyle of tibia, proximal 2/3 of Fibula, interosseous membrane
• I: dorsal surface of digits 2-5 (via dorsal expansion)
• A: extension of digits 2-5 (@ MTP & IP joints); dorsiflexion & eversion of foot at ankle
• N: deep peroneal (fibular) nerve L4, L5, S1

Question 12

Answer 12

Extensor Hallucis Longus

• O: anterior middle 1/3 of fibula, interosseous membrane
• I: base of the distal phalanx of the great toe
• A: extension of big toe @ MTP IP joints, dorsiflexion and inversion of foot
• N: deep peroneal nerve L4, L5, S1

Question 13

Answer 13

Fibularis Terius

• O: distal 1/3 of anterior fibula
• I: base of 5th metatarsal (dorsal surface)
• A: dorsiflexion and eversion of foot
• N: deep peroneal nerve L5, S1

Question 14

Answer 14

Fibularis Longus

• O: head & proximal lateral shaft of fibula
• I: medial cuneiform & base of 1st metatarsal (plantar surface)
• A: eversion and plantar flexion of foot
• N: superficial peroneal nerve L5, S1

Question 15

Answer 15

Fibularis Brevis

• O: distal 1/2 of lateral surface of fibula
• I: base of the 5th metatarsal bone (styloid process)
• A: eversion and plantar flexion of foot
• N: superficial peroneal nerve L5, S1