The skull Flashcards
Nasal cavity
Common nasal meatus:
Cribriform plate - ACF
Piriform aperture - Face
Incisive canal - Oran cavity
Sphenopalatine foramen - Pterygopalatine fossa
Choana - Nasopharynx
Aperture of sphenoid sinus - Sphenoid sinus
Superior nasal meatus
Posterior ethmoidal air cells (sinuses)
Middle nasal meatus
Anterior and middle ethmoidal air cells (sinuses)
Semilunar hiatus
Anteriorly: Ethmoidal infundibulum - Frontal sinus
Behind: Aperture of maxillary sinus - Maxillary sinus
Inferior nasal meatus
Nasolacrimal canal - Orbit
Common nasal meatus:
Cribriform plate - ACF
Piriform aperture - Face
Incisive canal - Oran cavity
Sphenopalatine foramen - Pterygopalatine fossa
Choana - Nasopharynx
Aperture of sphenoid sinus - Sphenoid sinus
Superior nasal meatus
Posterior ethmoidal air cells (sinuses)
Middle nasal meatus
Anterior and middle ethmoidal air cells (sinuses)
Semilunar hiatus
Anteriorly: Ethmoidal infundibulum - Frontal sinus
Behind: Aperture of maxillary sinus - Maxillary sinus
Inferior nasal meatus
Nasolacrimal canal - Orbit
Oral cavity
Incisive canal - nasal cavity (common nasal meatus)
Greater palatine canal - Pterygoid palatine fossa
Lesser palatine canal - Pterygoid palatine fossa
Mandibular canal )mandibular foramen - mental foramen
Tympanic cavity (middle ear)
Musculotubarius canal - external base of the skull
a) (Semi)canal of tensor tympani muscle
b) (semi) canal of the auditory tube
Caroticotympanic canaliculi - Carotid canal
Canaliculus of chorda tympani - Fascial canal
Stapedius canaliculus - Fascial canal
Tympanic canaliculus - fossula petrosa (external base of the skull)
Canal for the lesser petrosal nerve - middel cranial fossa
Mastoid antrum - Mastoid air cells/mastoid process
Fenestra vestibuli - Inner ear
Fenestra cochleae - Inner ear
Orbit
Aditus orbitae - Face
Optic canal - Middel cranial fossa
Superior orbital fissure - Middel cranial fossa
Inferior orbital fissure
1) Postero-medial part) - Pterygopalatine fossa
2) Antero-lateral part) - Infratemporal fossa
Nasolacrimal canal - Inferior nasal meatus
Anterior ethmoidal canal - Anterior cranial fossa (scala anterior)
Posterior ethmoidal canal - Posterior ethmoidal air cells, sphenoid sinus
Infraorbital canal - Face, fossa canina
Frontal notch - Supraorbital region (forehead)
Supraorbital foramen - Supraorbital region (forehead)
Zygomatic canal - Zygomaticofacial foramen (face)
- Zygomaticotemporal foramen
Pterygopalatine fossa
Pterygoid canal - external base of the skull
Greater palatine canal - oral cavity
Lesser palatine canal - Oral cavity
Inferior orbital fissure - Orbit
Pterygomaxillary fissure - orbit
Foramen rotundum - Middel cranial fossa
Sphenopalatine foramen - Nasal cavity (common nasal meatus)
Infratemporal fossa
Pterygomaxillary fissure - Pterygopalatine fossa
Inferior orbital fissure - Orbit
Foramen ovale - Middle cranial fossa
Foramen spinosum - Middle cranial fossa
Petrotympanic fissure - Typmanic cavity
Alveolar foramina - Leads to the upper teeth through the alveolar canals of maxilla
Petrosquamous fissure - Middle cranial fossa
Facial canal (Fallopian canal)
Canal for the greater petrosal nerve - Opens on the anterior aspect of the pyramid with its own hiatus
Stapedius canaliculus - Tympanic cavity
Canaliculus of chorda tympani - Tympanic cavity
Which bones make the borders of the nasal cavity?
Ethmoid bone Sphenoid bone Palatine bone Maxilla vomer Inferior nasal concha Nasal bones Lacrimal bone
What forms the nasal septum?
Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
Sphenoidal crest
Vomer
What forms the floor in the nasal cavity?
Maxilla
Horizontal plate of palatine bone
What forms the roof in the nasal cavity?
Nasal bones
Cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone
What forms the lateral border of the nasal cavity?
Nasal conchas (ethmoid bone + inferior nasal concha) Sphenopalatine foramen Maxilla Lacrimal bone (Ethmoid bone)
Which bones form the borders of the orbit?
Frontal bone Spenoid bone Ethmoid bone Lacrimal bone zygomatic bone Maxilla Palatine bone
What forms the superior border of the orbit?
Orbital part of frontal bone
Lesser wing of sphenoid bone
Superior orbital fissure
What forms the lateral border of the orbit?
Zygomatic bone
Greater wing of sphenoid bone
What forms the medial border of the orbit?
Frontal process of the maxilla Anterior lacrimal crest Nasolacrimal canal and groove Posterior lacrimal crest Orbital plate of the ethmoid bone Body of the sphenoid bone Anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina
What forms the inferior border of the orbit?
Body of Maxilla Inferior orbital fissure Infraorbital canal and groove Body of sphenoid Orbital process of palatine bone / Perpendicular part of palatine bone
How many bones form the superior border of the orbit?
2 bones
Frontal bone
Sphenoid bone
How many bones form the lateral border of the orbit?
2 bones
Zygomatic bone
Greater wing of sphenoid bone
How many bones form the medial border of the orbit?
4 Bones Maxilla Lacrimal bone Ethmoid bone Sphenoid
How many bones form the inferior border of the orbit?
3 bones
Maxilla
Sphenoid
Palatine bone
