The Neck II

Question 1

What is the primary blood supply to the head and neck?

Answer 1

Common carotid

Question 2

Where does the supplemental supply for blood to the head and neck come from?

Answer 2

Subclavian arteries

Question 3

What is the artery of common origin for the carotid and subclavian arteries?

Answer 3

Brachiocephalic trunk

Question 4

What artery supplies branches to the vertebral muscles and spinal cord?

Answer 4

Vertebral artery

Question 5

What path does the vertebral artery take?

Answer 5

Passes through the foramina of 6th through 1st cervical vertebra

Question 6

What two arteries provide minor branches to the neck?

Answer 6

Deep cervical artery and superficial cervical artery

Question 7

Where does the common carotid artery divide?

Answer 7

The level of the hyoid

Question 8

What are the two divisions of the common carotid artery/.

Answer 8

Internal and external

Question 9

What carotid branch supplies most of the head?

Answer 9

External carotid artery

Question 10

Where does the cranial thyroid artery come from?

Answer 10

Common carotid artery

Question 11

What does the cranial thyroid artery supply?

Answer 11

Viscera and ventral musculature

Question 12

What are two important structures of the internal carotid artery?

Answer 12

Carotid sinus and carotid body

Question 13

What is the carotid sinus?

Answer 13

Dilation at the origin of the ICA

Question 14

What is contained within the carotid sinus?

Answer 14

Baroreceptors

Question 15

What is the carotid body?

Answer 15

A small mass, adjacent to carotid sinus that contains chemoreceptors

Question 16

What is the path of the ICA?

Answer 16

Goes dorsally to the skull and enters through the carotid canal

Question 17

What are the four main branches of the ECA?

Answer 17

Cranial laryngeal - Ascending pharyngeal - Lingual - Occipital

Question 18

What are the two jugular veins?

Answer 18

Internal and external

Question 19

What drains into the external jugular?

Answer 19

Primary drainage of the head and neck, including superficial and deep regions

Question 20

What occurs at the internal jugular?

Answer 20

Not much, not very important in most animals

Question 21

Where is the internal jugular?

Answer 21

Within the carotid sheath

Question 22

Where does the external jugular form?

Answer 22

Near angle of the mandible

Question 23

What muscle does the external jugular cross over?

Answer 23

Sternocephalicus

Question 24

What muscle does the external jugular dive into?

Answer 24

Brachiocephalicus

Question 25

What does the external jugular contribute to?

Answer 25

Formation of the cranial vena cava

Question 26

Where is the external jugular found in horses?

Answer 26

In the jugular groove between the brachiocephalicus and the sternocephalicus

Question 27

What are the two branches of the primary lymph drainage in the neck?

Answer 27

Superficial cervical lymph nodes -- and --- Deep cervical lymph nodes

Question 28

Where are the superfical cervical lymph nodes?

Answer 28

Deep to the superficial neck muscles, cranial to the shoulder

Question 29

Where are the deep cervical lymph nodes?

Answer 29

Run along length of trachea, often divided into cranial and caudal groups

Question 30

What drains the lymph of the head/neck?

Answer 30

Paired tracheal ducts that run the length of the neck

Question 31

Where does the lymph on the left side of the neck drain into?

Answer 31

Thoracic duct

Question 32

Where does the lymph on the right side of the neck drain into?

Answer 32

Right lymphatic duct

Question 33

What are the three category of nerves found in the neck?

Answer 33

Cervical spinal nerves - cranial nerves - autonomic nerves

Question 34

What cranial nerves come out the jugular foramen?

Answer 34

CN IX, X, and XI

Question 35

What is CN IX?

Answer 35

Glossopharyngeal

Question 36

What is CN X?

Answer 36

Vagus

Question 37

What is CN XI?

Answer 37

Accessory

Question 38

What cranial nerves are found in the hypoglossal canal?

Answer 38

CN XII

Question 39

What is CN XII?

Answer 39

Hypoglossal

Question 40

What is the ansa cervicalis?

Answer 40

C1 (and some C2) of the ventral ramus join with fibers carried by the hypoglosssal nerve to form loop

Question 41

What function does the ansa cervicalis provide?

Answer 41

Motor to the caudal hyoid group, NO SENSORY

Question 42

What muscle do C2 -C5 ventral rami pierce through?

Answer 42

Omotransversarius

Question 43

What is special about the ventral rami of C5?

Answer 43

Provide motor and sensory to the proximal thoracic limb

Question 44

What is the greater occipital nerve?

Answer 44

dorsal ramus of C2

Question 45

What is the sensory distribution for the transverse cervical nerve?

Answer 45

Ventral portion of the neck

Question 46

What is the sensory distribution for the C4 dorsal and ventral rami?

Answer 46

Most caudal of the nerves, and will go into the brachial plexus

Question 47

Where is the vagosympathetic trunk?

Answer 47

Within the carotid sheath

Question 48

What is in the vagosympathetic trunk?

Answer 48

Cervical sympathetic chain and the vagus nerve

Question 49

What are the two parts of the salivary glands?

Answer 49

Parotid and mandibular

Question 50

Where is the thyroid gland located?

Answer 50

Endocrine gland located along the sides of the proximal trachea

Question 51

What does the cranial thyroid vein drain into?

Answer 51

Internal jugular

Question 52

What does the caudal thyroid vein drain into?

Answer 52

Internal jugular -- OR -- Brachiocephalic

Question 53

What are the lobes of the thyroid associated with?

Answer 53

Crainal and caudal parathyroid glands

Question 54

Where is the caudal parathyroid gland?

Answer 54

Embedded in the thyroid tissue