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Macroscopic anatomy > Face and Parotid Region > Flashcards

Face and Parotid Region Flashcards

1
Q

The posterior border of the parotid gland

A

Masseter and temporomandibular joint, will expand anteriorly over masseter

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2
Q

What are the parotid glands associated with dorsally?

A

External auditory meatus and base of ear

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3
Q

What part of the vertebrae does the parotid gland associated with?

A

Wing of the atlas

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4
Q

What is the blood supply of the parotid gland?

A

Parotid artery

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5
Q

What does the facial n. pass out of?

A

Stylomastoid foramen and ramifies with the gland

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6
Q

What is the general function of the parotid gland?

A

Moistening and softening food

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7
Q

What does the levator nasolabialis do?

A

Dilate the nostril and to elevate and retract the upper lip

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8
Q

What is the function of the levator labii superoris?

A

Elevate medial part of the upper lip

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9
Q

What are the subdivisions of the muscles innervated by the facial nerve?

A

Deep and superficial

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10
Q

What is the function of the buccinator?

A

Acts in opposition to tongue preventing food from collecting in vestibule by returning it to the central cavity of the mouth

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11
Q

What are the deep division of muscles that are innervated by the facial nerve?

A

Scattered, muscles that act on hyoid, stapedius, part of digastric

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12
Q

What happens when there is a lesion of the facial nerve at the stylomastoid foramen?

A

Paralyze the entire mimetic musculature

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13
Q

What are the superficial division of muscles that are innervated by the facial nerve?

A

Cutaneous muscles of face and head, muscles that move lips, eyelids, external ear, nostrils, and cheeks

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14
Q

What are the borders of the submandibular gland?

A

Internal: Facial artery
External: Facial vein
Superior: Lingual nerve

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15
Q

What are the four branches of the facial nerve? (dorsal to ventral)

A

Auriculopalpebral - Dorsal buccal branch - Ventral buccal branch - Cervical branch

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16
Q

Where lyes the submandibular duct?

A

In the lateral lingual sulcus

17
Q

How many layers are there in the superfical division of facial muscles?

A

Three

18
Q

Innervation of the tongue?

A

Ant. 2/3 Chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve (taste)
Lingual nerve V3 branch of trigeminal n. (general sense)
Post. 1/3 Lingual branch of the glossopharyngeal n. (For taste and general sense)

19
Q

What are the three layers of the superficial division of the facial muscle derived from?

A

Deep sphincter in the neck

20
Q

Parotid gland borders

A

Post: SCM + post belly of digastric
Ant: Masseter, mandible and medial pterygoid

21
Q

What is the outermost superficial layer of the facial muscles?

A

Missing in most domestic animals

Spincter colli in the DOG is remnant

22
Q

What is the content of the parotid nest

A 
External carotid artery
Internal jugular vein
Internal carotid artery
Styloid process
Styloglossus
Stylopharyngeus 
Stylohyoid
23
Q

What is the middle superficial layer of facial muscles?

A

Platysma

24
Q

Pathway of the parotid duct

A

Zygomatic arch -> ant edge og masseter -> turns medial - piercing the buccinator -> molar teeth = Oral vestibule

25
Q

What is the deep superficial layer of facial muscles?

A

Origin of most muscles of facial expression

30
Q

What gland does the buccinator associate with?

A

Buccal salivary gland

32
Q

What does the buccinator do in regards to the salivary gland?

A

Discharging secretions into the mouth, glands scattered amoung fascicles of Buccinator

34
Q

What happens with a centrally located lesion of the facial n.?

A

Affected whole facial field
Loss of secretory activity by lacrimal gland and salivary
Mimetic muscular paralysis
Loss of taste sensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue

36
Q

What is the only salivary gland not affected by a central lesion of the facial nerve?

A

Parotid

39
Q

What happens when there is a lesion in the buccal branch of the facial n.?

A

Paralysis of the muscles of the lips and cheeks
Deformation of the muzzle
Unopposed activity of the muscles on the sound side

Macroscopic anatomy (35 decks)

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