Face and Parotid Region Flashcards
The posterior border of the parotid gland
Masseter and temporomandibular joint, will expand anteriorly over masseter
What are the parotid glands associated with dorsally?
External auditory meatus and base of ear
What part of the vertebrae does the parotid gland associated with?
Wing of the atlas
What is the blood supply of the parotid gland?
Parotid artery
What does the facial n. pass out of?
Stylomastoid foramen and ramifies with the gland
What is the general function of the parotid gland?
Moistening and softening food
What does the levator nasolabialis do?
Dilate the nostril and to elevate and retract the upper lip
What is the function of the levator labii superoris?
Elevate medial part of the upper lip
What are the subdivisions of the muscles innervated by the facial nerve?
Deep and superficial
What is the function of the buccinator?
Acts in opposition to tongue preventing food from collecting in vestibule by returning it to the central cavity of the mouth
What are the deep division of muscles that are innervated by the facial nerve?
Scattered, muscles that act on hyoid, stapedius, part of digastric
What happens when there is a lesion of the facial nerve at the stylomastoid foramen?
Paralyze the entire mimetic musculature
What are the superficial division of muscles that are innervated by the facial nerve?
Cutaneous muscles of face and head, muscles that move lips, eyelids, external ear, nostrils, and cheeks
What are the borders of the submandibular gland?
Internal: Facial artery
External: Facial vein
Superior: Lingual nerve
What are the four branches of the facial nerve? (dorsal to ventral)
Auriculopalpebral - Dorsal buccal branch - Ventral buccal branch - Cervical branch
Where lyes the submandibular duct?
In the lateral lingual sulcus
How many layers are there in the superfical division of facial muscles?
Three
Innervation of the tongue?
Ant. 2/3 Chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve (taste)
Lingual nerve V3 branch of trigeminal n. (general sense)
Post. 1/3 Lingual branch of the glossopharyngeal n. (For taste and general sense)
What are the three layers of the superficial division of the facial muscle derived from?
Deep sphincter in the neck
Parotid gland borders
Post: SCM + post belly of digastric
Ant: Masseter, mandible and medial pterygoid
What is the outermost superficial layer of the facial muscles?
Missing in most domestic animals
Spincter colli in the DOG is remnant
What is the content of the parotid nest
External carotid artery Internal jugular vein Internal carotid artery Styloid process Styloglossus Stylopharyngeus Stylohyoid
What is the middle superficial layer of facial muscles?
Platysma
Pathway of the parotid duct
Zygomatic arch -> ant edge og masseter -> turns medial - piercing the buccinator -> molar teeth = Oral vestibule
What is the deep superficial layer of facial muscles?
Origin of most muscles of facial expression
What gland does the buccinator associate with?
Buccal salivary gland
What does the buccinator do in regards to the salivary gland?
Discharging secretions into the mouth, glands scattered amoung fascicles of Buccinator
What happens with a centrally located lesion of the facial n.?
Affected whole facial field
Loss of secretory activity by lacrimal gland and salivary
Mimetic muscular paralysis
Loss of taste sensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue
What is the only salivary gland not affected by a central lesion of the facial nerve?
Parotid
What happens when there is a lesion in the buccal branch of the facial n.?
Paralysis of the muscles of the lips and cheeks
Deformation of the muzzle
Unopposed activity of the muscles on the sound side
