MCQ 3 Flashcards
What can be found in the fossula petrosa?
Canaliculus tympanicus; tympanic nerve
Which muscles are hypaxial?
ALL limb muscles,
abdominal muscles,
diaphragm,
some vertebrae muscles
Which muscles are epiaxial?
Erector spinae,
transversospinalis muscle (multifidus, semispinalis + rotators),
splenius,
suboccipital
List the parts of the ethmoid bone:
- Crista galli
- Cribiform plate
- Perpendicular plate
- Ethmoidal sinuses
- Orbital plate (with ant + post. ethmoidal foramina)
Where does aperture sinus sphenoidalis opens?
Nasal cavity
List the parts of the skull formed by endochondral ossification:
Endocranium; - Occipital - Sphenoid - Ethmoid Temporal bone!
Which ligaments is attached to the vertebral bodies?
Anterior longitudinal ligament
What makes up the borders of the carotid trigone/triangle?
SCM, omohyoid (sup belly), Digastric (post. belly)
What is correct regardin STERNAL ANGLE?
Angle formed between manubrium and body of sternum
What makes up the floor of the orbit?
- Orbital plate of maxilla and orbital process of palatine bone
(2 ting!)
Which muscles raises the eyebrows?
3:
- Orbicularis occuli
- Corrigator supercilliary
- Frontal belly of occipitofrontalis
What is not a connection to the infratemporal fossa?
- Foramen ovale
- Foramen spinosum
- Pterygomaxillary fissure
- Inferior orbital fissure
- Foramen rotundum
- Foramen rotundum
What does the pedicles connects? (vertebrae)
Body to lamina (anteriorly)
Where do we found the mammillary processes?
Lumbar vertebrae
What is the articulating surface of costovertebral joint?
Head of the rib articulates with the superior and inferior fovea costalis on the bodies of two vertebrates
Which number of vertebrae has complete articular facet?
T1, T10 (Katz sier ikke denne) , T11, T12
What is the origin and insertion of the medial pterygoid?
Superfiscial head: O: Pterygoid fossa + maxillary tuberosity
Deep head: Pterygoid fossa
INSERTION: Pterygoid tuberosity
What is the origin and insertion of the lateral
pterygoid?
Superior part: Infratemporal crest of greater wing of sphenoid
Superior part I: TMJ capsule
Inferior part: Lateral plate of pterygoid process
Pterygoid fovea
Which muscle pulls the eyebrows mediocaudally and forms the vertical wrinkles?
Corrugator supercilii
Where is the vesibular aquaduct?
Posterior cranial fossa
What are the branches of facial canal?
Hiatus for the greater petrosal nerve (middle cranial fossa),
Stapedial hiatus (tympanic cavity),
Hiatus for chorda tympani (tympanic cavity),
(Stylomastoid foramen - exit)
Borders of pterygoid palatine fossa:
Medial border: Perpendicular plate of palatine bone
Anterior border: Maxilla
Lateral border: Pterygomaxillary fissure
Posterior border: Greater wing of sphenoid pterygoid process
Sup: Frontal cranial fossa
Inf: Oral cavity
Where are the anterior fontanelle?
Frontal and parietal anlages
Where are the posterior fontanelle?
Between parietal bones and upper squama of occipital bone
Where are the Sphenoidal fontanelle?
Between frontal, parietal, sphenoid bones
Posterolateral/ Mastoid fontanelle:
Between temporal, occipital and parietal bones
What are the facial muscles of CALVARIA?
- Occipitofrontalis
- Temporoparietalis
What are the facial muscles of PALPEBRAL FISSURE?
- Orbicularis oculi
- corrugator supercilii
What are the facial muscles of the NOSE?
- Procerus
- Nasalis
- Levator labi superioris alaque nasi
What are the facial muscles of the MOUTH?
(11) - Orbicularis oris
- Buccinator
- Zygomaticus major
Zygomaticus minor
- Risorius
- Levator labii superiors
- Levator anguli oris
- Depressor anguli oris
- Depressor labii inferioris
- Mentalis
- Platysma
TMJ is covered with what and articulates with what?
Covered: TMJ capsule and reinforced by the lateral ligament
Articulates:
Mandibular condyle + mandibular fossa (temporal bone) with articulating tubercle
Scalene muscles
Anterior, middle and posterior scalene muscles. Forms the “Scalene tent”
Innervated: Brachial plexus
Intervertebral disc is composed of:
Nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus
Which ligament fuses with the intervertebral disk?
Posterior longitudinal ligament
What are the joints between the articular processes in the vertebral column called?
Zygapophyseal joints
What kind of joint are the sutures?
Syndesmosis
What are the articulating disk made of?
Hyalin cartilage
What are the true ribs?
1-7th
What are the false ribs?
8-10th
What are the floating ribs?
11-12th
Where does the ligamentum flava goes?
Connect the vertebral arches
Where is zygapophyseal joint?
Between articular processes of the vertebrae
Where is the uncovertebral joint?
Between the uncinate processes of the vertebrae
Which muscles are included in the erector spinae?
Iliocostalis + longissimus + spinalis
What is most lateral in subinguinal hiatus?
Lacuna muscula nevrosa
How many intervertebral discs can be found?
23! not between C1 and C2
Which joint is synchondrosis?
Sternocostal joint
What is a direct inguinal hernia?
Superficial inguinal ring (medial to IEG vessels - found in older people)
What is a indirect inguinal hernia?
Deep inguinal ring (lateral to IEG vessels - found in younger people)
What are the superfiscial layers of the abdominal wall?
Fatty = Campers + fibous = Scarpas fascia
What can be found in the subinguinal hiatus?
Femoral n+a+v + Ligament of gimbernat
What joint connect with the axial skeleton?
Sternoclavicular joint
Where can uncovertebral joint NOT be found?
Between C1 and C2
What is true about the intervertebral joint?
Found between vertebral bodies + hyaline and fibrocartilage
What is the curvature of the spine in the sacral region called?
Kyphosis
What is the curvature of the spine in the Cervical region called?
Lordosis
What is the curvature of the spine in the Lumbar region called?
Lordosis
What is the curvature of the spine in the Thorasic region called?
Kyphosis
What is the synonym for maxillary sinus?
Highmores sinus
What is kiesslebachs area?
Part of nasal septum where arteries anastomose
What is the nasal septum composed of?
Perpendicular plate of ethmoid + vomer
How many processes does maxilla have?
4
How many parasinuses do we have, and which is the largest?
4,
Maxillary sinus is the largest
What does the nasolacrimal duct connect?
Orbit and inferir nasal concha
What does sphenopalatine foramen connect?
Pterygopalatine fossa + common nasal meatus
What does foramen rotundum connect?
Pterygopalatine fossa + middle cranial fossa
What is true about petrosal fossula?
Between carotid canal and jugular fossa + tympanic nerve
What can be found in petrosal fossula?
tympanic nerve
What is true about PIROGOV triangle?
Contains;
Hypoglossal n, digastric m, mylohyoid m + lingual artery
Which fusion line in between maxilla and palatine?
Medial + horizontal palatine suture
What articulates with the costal tubercle?
Transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae
Which ligament connects the dens of axis and occipital bone?
alar ligament
What is connected by pterygoid canal?
Pterygopalatine fossa and external base of the skull
What is true about ethmoidal infundibulum?
End of semilunar hiatus + open into frontal sinus
Which muscles lift the eyebrows?
Frontalis
What is true about platysma
Inserts on the mandible innervated by facial nerve
What arises from the clivus and go to the posterior longitudinal ligament?
Tectorial membrane
Where is the least movement of the vertebral column?
In the thoracic region
What is true about posterior lateral fontanelle
?
what is true about pterion?
?
Which rib attaches to the sternal angle?
2nd rib
What is the origin and insertion of inguinal ligament?
ASIS
Pubic tubercle
Which bones of the skull are pneumatic/ air filled?
Frontal, Maxilla, Ethmoid, Sphenoid, Temporal
