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Biology LC > The Senses > Flashcards

The Senses Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the skin sense?

A

Contains receptors for pain, touch and temperature

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2
Q

Describe taste.

A
  • Receptors for taste located in taste buds
  • Four basic tastes, sweet, sour, bitter, salt
  • Umami (MSG)
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3
Q

Describe smell.

A
  • Root of nasal cavity has millions of receptors to detect smell
  • 10,000 different smells
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4
Q

What are the five traditional senses?

A
  • Touch
  • Smell
  • Taste
  • Sight
  • Hearing
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5
Q

How is balance detected?

A

By the vestibular apparatus in the inner ear.

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6
Q

What is the conjunctiva?

A

Is the membrane around the eye, it protects the eye.

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7
Q

What is the sclera?

A

A tough, white coat that holds the eye in place

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8
Q

What is the cornea?

A

Is the front, clear part of the sclera. Allows light into the eye and bends it to help focus it on the retina

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9
Q

What is the choroid?

A

Nourishes the eye and prevents internal reflection of light

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10
Q

What is the retina?

A

Is light sensitive. Contains light receptors, rods for black and white, and cones for colour vision

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11
Q

What conditions does cones best work in?

A

In bright light

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12
Q

What is the fovea?

A

The part of the retina where most images are focused.

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13
Q

What is the blind spot?

A

Where the optic nerve leaves the retina. Has no rods or cones

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14
Q

What is the lens?

A

Focuses light onto the retina.

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15
Q

What is the optic nerve?

A

Carries impulses to the brain

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16
Q

What is the iris?

A

The coloured part of the eye. It controls the amount of light entering the eye.

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17
Q

What is the pupil?

A

The black circle at the front of the eye, it lets light into the eye

18
Q

What are the ciliary muscles?

A

They change the shape of the lens called accommodation to focus light on the retina

19
Q

What do the aqueous and vitreous humours do?

A

They keep the eye in shape

20
Q

What does the ear do?

A

Its the organ of hearing and balance

21
Q

What does the pinna do?

A

Collects vibrations

22
Q

What does the auditory canal do?

A

Carries vibrations to the eardrum

23
Q

What does the eardrum do?

A

Carries vibrations to the middle ear

24
Q

What is the ossicles?

A

The hammer, anvil and stirrup bones

They amplify the virbrations and pass them on to the cochlea in the inner ear

25
Q

What is the Eustachian tube?

A

Connects the middle ear with the pharynx and equalises pressure between the middle and outer ear.

26
Q

What is the cochlea?

A

Responsible for hearing, converts vibrations into electrical impulses that are sent to the brain along the auditory nerve.

27
Q

What is the Organ of Corti?

A

Is in the cochlea, contains receptor cells that allow hearing

28
Q

What are the main parts of the vestibular apparatus?

A

The semicircular canals

29
Q

What is a common hearing disorder?

A

Glue ear

30
Q

What causes glue ear?

A

Caused by too much sticky fluid in the middle ear

31
Q

How is glue ear corrected?

A

Corrected by decongestants or grommets.

32
Q

How many rods are there in each eye?

A

120 million

33
Q

How many cones are there in each eye?

A

6 million

34
Q

Where are cones mostly found?

A

At the fovea

35
Q

Where are rods mostly found?

A

All over the retina

36
Q

What liquid fills the vestibular apparatus?

A

Lymph

37
Q

What happens to the pupil in low light?

A

It expands

38
Q

What happens to the pupil in bright light?

A

It shrinks

39
Q

Is the Eustachian tube part of the ear?

A

No

40
Q

Which part of the brain are the impulses from the vestibular nerve sent to?

A

Cerebellum

41
Q

What are grommets?

A

They are inserted into the middle ear, which allows air to enter and force fluid down into the Eustachian tube

42
Q

What diagrams do you need to be able to draw?

A
  • Vertical section of the skin
  • Structure of the eye
  • Structure of the middle ear

Biology LC (28 decks)

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