Fungi

Question 1

Do fungi make their own food?

Answer 1

No

Question 2

What are fungi made up of?

Answer 2

Made up of threads called hyphae.

Question 3

What do hyphae combine in masses to form?

Answer 3

Mycelium

Question 4

What are their walls made out of?

Answer 4

Carbohydrate called chitin

Question 5

What group do fungi fall into when it comes to how they obtain energy?

Answer 5

They are heterotrophs

Question 6

What is the definition of heterotrophs?

Answer 6

They take in food made by other organisms

Question 7

Fungi are either:

Answer 7

Parasitic

Saprophytic

Question 8

Are most fungi saprophytic?

Answer 8

Yes, most fungi are saprophytic.

Question 9

How do saprophytic fungi obtain nutrients?

Answer 9

From dead material.

Question 10

What role do saprophytic play in the environment?

Answer 10

They are responsible for decay.

Question 11

Examples of saprophytic fungi…

Answer 11

Mushrooms and moulds

Question 12

How do parasitic fungi obtain nutrients?

Answer 12

Absorb their food from live hosts.

Question 13

Where do parasitic fungi mainly get their food from?

Answer 13

Mostly from plants, although some fungal parasites live on animals eg. athlete’s food.

Question 14

What are obligate parasites?

Answer 14

They live on live hosts but do not normally kill them.

Question 15

What are facultative parasites?

Answer 15

They kill the host and feed on the remains.

Question 16

What do some fungi do?

Answer 16

Form symbiotic relationships with other organisms

Question 17

Give an example of a symbiotic relationship between a fungi and another organism

Answer 17

A lichen is an organism which is a combination of a fungus and an alga.

Question 18

Are fungi edible?

Answer 18

Yes, but many are poisonous if eaten.

Question 19

Describe yeast.

Answer 19

• Single celled
• Round or oval
• Thin walls made of chitin
• One nucleus
• Dense cytoplasm/ many food storage vacuoles

Question 20

How does yeast respire?

Answer 20

Anaerobically

Question 21

What is the asexual reproduction in yeast called?

Answer 21

Budding

Question 22

How does the parent cell in budding divide?

Answer 22

Divides by mitosis.

Question 23

Where does on of the daughter nuclei go?

Answer 23

Enters a small developing bud on the outside of the yeast.

Question 24

What happens to developing bud on the outside of the yeast?

Answer 24

It can separate to become a new individual.

Question 25

What happens in some cases of budding?

Answer 25

The bud does not separate but can itself bud too. In this way long colonies of yeast cells develop.

Question 26

What can beneficial fungi do?

Answer 26

• Yeasts can make bread and alcohols such as wine and beer.

- Fungi can also be a source of food eg. mushrooms

Question 27

What can harmful fungi do?

Answer 27

• Attack crops eg. corn, wheat potato blight
• Athlete’s foot and ringworm can infect animals
• Fungi can spoil food eg. rhizopus grows on bread

Question 28

What does aseptic/asepsis mean?

Answer 28

That measures are taken to exclude unwanted micro-organisms.

Question 29

What does sterile mean?

Answer 29

That all micro-organisms are destroyed, there is nothing living.

Question 30

Name the experiment involved with the fungi chapter.

Answer 30

-To investigate the growth of leaf yeast using agar plates.

Question 31

Are fungi eukaryotic?

Answer 31

Yes

Question 32

What does aseptate mean?

Answer 32

It does not have cross walls separating its cytoplasm into separate cells

Question 33

What is rhizopus?

Answer 33

• Bread mold

- A multicellular, saprophytic fungus with aseptate hyphae

Question 34

What is Saccharomyces?

Answer 34

• Yeast

- A unicellular saprophytic fungus

Question 35

What two ways can rhizopus reproduce?

Answer 35

• Asexually

- Sexually

Question 36

In what conditions does rhizopus sexually reproduce?

Answer 36

Occurs only in adverse conditions, i.e dehydration