The Placenta Flashcards

1
Q

What are the fetal membranes

A

chorion, amnion, yolk sac and the allantois

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2
Q

functions of the placenta

A

protection, nutrition, respiration, excretion and hormone production

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3
Q

the __________are part of the fetal placenta unit

A

suprarenal gland

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4
Q

The fetal part of the placenta arises from

A

chorionic sac

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5
Q

the maternal part of the placenta arises from

A

endometrium

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6
Q

the maternal part of the placenta is called

A

decidua

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7
Q

What is the decidua reaction ?

A

with increasing levels of progesterone, the connective tissue cells of the decidua become enlarged and pale staining and help protect the uterus against complete invasion of the synctiotrophoblast

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8
Q

decuda basalis

A

deep to the fetus (base of implantation site)

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9
Q

decidua capsularis

A

overlying the fetus (covers the implantation site)

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10
Q

decidua parietalis

A

everything else (part of the decidua not implantation site or covering of it

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11
Q

what does the trophoblast give rise too ?

A

cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoboblast

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12
Q

what forms the layers of the chorion ?

A

somatic layer of extraembryonic mesoderm and layers of trophoblasts

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13
Q

chorionic villi will attacht to the _____ via the ____________ and serves to anchor the chorionic sac

A

decidua basalis, cytotrophoblast

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14
Q

what four things does the chorionic membrane consist of

A

syncytiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast, embryoonic ct, and endothelium of fetal vessels

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15
Q

what does the fetal part of the placenta do ?

A

seperates the fetus from the endometrium of the uterus

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16
Q

what do the fetal membranes include

A

chorion, amnion, yolk sac, and the allantois

17
Q

what fills the primary villi to form the secondary villi

A

somatic mesoderm

18
Q

the presence of blood vessels designates what ?

A

tertiary villi

19
Q

the fetal placenta is the

A

villous chorion

20
Q

maternal placenta is

A

decidua basalis

21
Q

where is the intervillous space derived from ?

A

lacunar network that formed in the syncytiotrophoblasts in the second week

22
Q

the intervilous space is drained by what veins

A

endometrial veins

23
Q

amniochorionic membrane

A

fusion of amniotic and chorionic sac (ruptures during labor) and membrane fuses with decidua capsularis and then adheres to decidua parietalis obliterating the uterine lumen

24
Q

what does the placenta membrane consist of

A

syncytiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast, embryonic connective tissue, and endothelium of the fetal vessels

25
Q

beneficial things that cross the placenta

A

metabolic gases, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, glucose, amino acis, free fatty acids, vtamins, urea, uric acid, bilirubin, electrolytes, rBCs, serum proteins, alphafetoprotein, steroid hormones, immunogloulin A and G

26
Q

things that cross the placental membrane that hare harmful

A
CO
viruses 
many drugs
anti-RH antibodies
toxoplasma gondii, and treponema palladium
27
Q

the umbillical cord has

A

two arteries and one vein

28
Q

placenta accreta

A

placenta adheres to myometrium

29
Q

placenta percreta

A

penetrates the full thickness of the myometrium and fails to seperate from the uterine wall

30
Q

erythroblastosis fetalis

A

Rh incompatability between mother and fetus
mom has been exposed to fetal blood, makes antibodies IgG against fetal antigen and can cross the placenta, if there is a future pregnancy with Rh incompatability, antibodies can cross and attack fetal RBC’s causing anemia and edema

31
Q

somatic layer of extraembryonic mesoderm and layers of the trophoblast form

A

chorion