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Embryology > Embryology of the Eye > Flashcards

Embryology of the Eye Flashcards

1
Q

what are the four sources responsible for development of the eye

A

neuroectoderm
surface ectoderm
mesoderm
neural cest cells

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2
Q

neuroectoderm give rise to

A

retina and posterior layers of the iris and optic nerve

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3
Q

surface ectoderm gives rise to

A

lens and corneal epithelium

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4
Q

mesoderm gives rise to

A

fibrous and vascular coats of the eye

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5
Q

neural crest cells give rise to

A

choroid, sclera, and corneal endothelium

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6
Q

the optic vesicles grow out of the

A

forebrain

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7
Q

the optic vesiicles elongate to form

A

optic stalks

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8
Q

the cavity of the optic vesicles is continous with the

A

forebrain

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9
Q

surface ectoderm forms

A

lens placodes

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10
Q

the lens placodes will form________

A

lens pits which will invaginate to form lens vesicle

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11
Q

the distal ends of the optic stalk will widen and

A

form optic cups and become associated with the lens vesicle

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12
Q

what does the hyaloid artery supply

A

the developing lens

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13
Q

the optic stalk becomes

A

optic nerve

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14
Q

the hyaloid artery will become

A

central artery of the retina (a branch from the opthalmic artery)

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15
Q

where does the retina develop from

A

walls of the optic cup

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16
Q

the outer layer of the optic cup becomes

A

pigmented retina

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17
Q

the inner layer of the optic cup becomes

A

neural (unpigmented) retina

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18
Q

what are deepest in the retina

A

photoreceptor cells

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19
Q

the ciliary body dervies from

A

choroid mesenchyme and both layers of the optic cup

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20
Q

the ciliary process is from

A

outer and inner layer of the optic cup

21
Q

ciliary muscles are derived from

A

choroid mesenchyme at the anterior edge of the optic cup

22
Q

_____________forms from the front edge of the optic cup

A

iris

23
Q

edges of the optic cup grow together to form

A

pupil

24
Q

the lens is derived from

A

surface ectoderm

25
Q

what are the sources of the cornea

A

surface ectoderm, mesoderm, and neural crest cells

26
Q

mesenchyme that surrounds the optic cup develops into

A

choroid and sclera

27
Q

the conjunctival sac is

A

the space between the cornea and the eyelids (lined by ectoderm)

28
Q

the eyelids are composed of what

A

surface ectoderm with a core of mesenchyme (neural crest)

29
Q

orbicularis oculi is derived from

A

2nd pharngeal arch

30
Q

how do the lacrimal glands form

A

they form from invaginations of the ectoderm of the conjunctival sac

31
Q

the ________develops from a space between the lens and the corna

A

anterior chamber

32
Q

the _____________develops from a space that forms in the mesenchyme posterior to the iris and anterior to the lens

A

posterior chamber

33
Q

vitreous humor is derived from

A

neural crest mesenchyme

34
Q

the extrinsic eye muscles from from

A

preotic somites

35
Q

congenital retinal detachment

A

failure of the two layers of retina to fuse,

36
Q

coloboma

A

defect involved in improper closing of the choroid fissure in a gap in the iris or iris and retina

37
Q

cyclopia

A

occurs when there is a fusion in the midline

38
Q

synopathlamia

A

incompletely fusion of the eyes

39
Q

clyclopia

A

defect of the midline structures; incompatible with life

40
Q

micropthalmia

A

small normal appearing eye but may lack a lens

41
Q

anophthalmia

A

congenital absence of eye tissue

42
Q

persistent pupillary membrane

A

normally covers the anterior surface of the lens and disappears during developemnt; remains as strands of CT tissue spanning the pupil but will rarely interfere with vision

43
Q

congenital glaucoma

A

increase in intraocular pressure; defect in the slceral venous sinus

44
Q

congenital cataract

A

lens opacity present caused by rubella, chicken pox, herpes or geneitc

45
Q

anridia

A

absence of an iris; defect in neural crest

46
Q

color of irisis acquied

A

8-10 months

47
Q

congenital aphakia

A

absence of a lens

48
Q

congenital ptosis

A

levator palpebrae superioris or loss of innveration to the muscle

49
Q

retinoblastoma

A

neuronal tumor arising from the retina; the most common primary intraocular malignancy of childhood

Embryology (19 decks)

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