Fertilization-The First Week

Question 1

how many sperm will fertilize the secondary oocyte

Answer 1

only one!

Question 2

the two layers that the sperm must go through are ?

Answer 2

corona radiata and the zona pellucida

Question 3

what produces the zona pellucida

Answer 3

oocyte and the follicular cells which makes the primordial germ cell become a primary follicle

Question 4

Zona reaction

Answer 4

prevents any further fertilization by the sperm

Question 5

after the sperm fertilizes the egg what happens to the oocyte

Answer 5

finishes off the 2nd meiotic division!

Question 6

What are the 3 main things fertilization results in ?

Answer 6

restoration of a diploid genome, determines the genetic sex of the embryo, intitiation of cleavage

Question 7

what determines the sex of the embryo ?

Answer 7

whether or not the sperm is carrying an X or an Y chromosome

Question 8

contraceptive pill

Answer 8

consists of estrogens and progesterone

Question 9

depo provera

Answer 9

progesterone analog

Question 10

plan B

Answer 10

levonorgestrel (progesterone analog)

Question 11

RU-486

Answer 11

acts as an antiprogesterone

Question 12

what happens within 24 hours of fertilization

Answer 12

cleavage which is a series of regulated mitotic cell divisions and there is NO growth in size at this time

Question 13

What is compaction in reference to the morula?

Answer 13

cells increase surface contact with other cells, increase gap juctions to allow communication and it starts to show polarity and shift the nucleus and cytoplasm

Question 14

morula begins to form a fluid filled space and is called what now

Answer 14

blastocyst

Question 15

ectopic pregnancy

Answer 15

pregnancy anywhere outside of the uterus

Question 16

placental previa

Answer 16

implantation in the lower part of the uterus (generally near the cervix)

Question 17

placental abrubtion

Answer 17

tearing or disconnected placenta

Question 18

placental accreta

Answer 18

abnormal growth of the placenta and if it invades or grows into the musculature

Question 19

cortical reaction

Answer 19

when the oocyte releases all of its lysosomal contents in reaction to the penetration by the sperm

Question 20

the maternal pronucleus is important in what

Answer 20

development of embryo

Question 21

the paternal pronucleus is important in what

Answer 21

extraembryonic tissue

Question 22

implantation occurs how many days after fertilization

Answer 22

6

Question 23

implanataion into the uterus is associated with

Answer 23

dissolution of the zona pellucida, adhesion of blastocyst onto endometriu, trophoblastic penetration and spread into endometrium, and migration of blastocyst into endometrium